| Volltext: | Index Note: Page numbers in italic type indicate illustrations. A Aalto, Alvar, 8,117,120,130,146, t55,158,164,174,201; Baker House, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 172; Sulphate pulp mill, Sunila, Finland, 82,146,203; Turun Sanomat, Turku, Finland, 73, 98; Viipuri Library, Finland, 138; Villa Mairea, Noormarkku, Finland, 82,203 Abramovitz, Max, 187 A.C. (journal), 184 Ackerman, James, 21-2,30-1 Adler 8t Sullivan: Bayard Building, New York, 254; Union Trust Building, St. Louis, 255; Wainwright Building, St. Louis, 254 Ain, Gregory, 107 Akhademiia NAUK (Soviet publication), 165 Aktion group, 268 Albert, Prince, 156 Allen, Glenn, 249 Allgemeine Elektrizitäts Gesellschaft (AEG), 285-7 American Architect (journal), 121,2i8n20, 270 American City Magazine, 299 American Institute of Architects (AIA), 140 Ammannati, Bartolommeo, 294 Amsterdam School, 6,10,113,207,208, 228,275-6,279 Anderson, Margaret, 141 Anderson, Stanford, 5,7,10,49,135,214, ^33,313! "Behrens and Berlin" 285-9; biographical information about, 45 Annoni, Ambrogio, 181 Anonymous: Facade, Florence, 118; House, Danbury, Connecticut, 103; House and Gate of Typical Floreale, Florence, 118; Villa, Florence, ri8 anthropology, 117 Anthroposophy, 114,262,264-7 Apollinaire, Guillaume, 268 Appia, Adolphe, 117 Appolonj, Bruno Maria, 180 Arata, Giulio, Palazzo Berri-Merrigalli, Milan, 118 Archigram, 34 Architects and Builders (journal), 270 architectural criticism, 199-200 Architectural Design (journal), 24 Architectural Forum (journal), 101,120,171, 206,2i8n2o, 270 Architectural Record (journal), 101,120, 140-1,143,161,206,2i8n20,255,270 architecture: economics of, 10,105-6,111; literature on, 163-5,195-200,267-71; painting in relation to, 102. See also modern architecture and modernism L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui (journal), 163 L'Architecture du vingtième siècle (journal), 270 L'Architecture vivante (journal), 163 L'Architettura(journal), 164,180 Argan, Giulio Carlo, 38,180 Aristotle, 151,255 Arkitektur (journal), 261 Arniches, Carlos, Zarzuela Hippodrome, Madrid (with Dominguez and Torroja), 78,206-7 Aronovici, Carol, 165 "Art and Ideology: Architecture" (conference, 1974), 11 art deco style, 3, 6 Le Arti (journal), 180-3 art nouveau, 32,99,101,113,114,118,212, 214,229,248,268,281,303,305 Arts and Crafts movement, 99,103,122, 270,280. See also Craftsman aesthetic Ashbee, C. R., 187,247,270 Asplund, Gunnar, 20a, 260-1; Acceptera (We Must Accept), 213; Stockholm Exhibition (1930), 157,212,260-1; Woodland Crematorium, Stockholm, 83, 212 Austria: architectural literature in, 164, 268-9; reactionary architecture in, 188-92 automobiles, 313-4 B Bach, Johann Sebastian, proposed memorial for, 167 Bacon, Francis, 25-6,304 Bahr, Hermann, 275 Baillie-Scott, M. H., 249 Baldessari, Luciano, 180 Banham, Reyner, 4,9,13ni6,24-5,38,98, 238,308; Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, 24,33-5,41069 Bardi, Pietro Maria, 164 Barney, Maginel Wright, 239 Baroni, Constantino, 180 Barr, Alfred H., Jr., 1,3,48,93,98,135,203, 209,211-2,215-6,233; biographical information about, 45; and the International Style, 142,166; on maintenance of modern architecture, 105-7; on painting and architecture, 102 Bartning, Otto, 99 Barton, J. E., 96 Barzun, Jacques, 50 Basile, Ernesto, Villa on Via Abruzzi, Rome, 118 Bauer, Leopold, 271 Bauer Kassler, Elizabeth. See Mock Kassler, Elizabeth Bauer Wurster, Catherine, 1,7,8,23,27, 132,135.165,195,198,201-2,214,233; biographical information about, 45; "The Social Front of Modern Architecture in the 1930s" 27,172-7 Bauhaus, 7; American architecture and, 152-4; critiques of, 8,177,201; decline of, 164; and expressionism, 114-5; and functionalism, 153; and housing design, 173; and industrial design, 174; and the International Style, 143; theater in, 117; and Werkbund principles, 283 Bayer, Herbert, 165 Bay Region style, 2-3,7,8,166,168, 170,176,201. See also West Coast architecture Beard, Charles and Mary, 139 Beaudouin, Eugène: Cité de la Muette, Drancy, Paris (with Lods), 77,203; Open-Air School, Suresnes, France (with Lods), 78,203 Beaux-Arts tradition, 7,29-30,33,105, 145-6,154,167,177,270 Beckmann, Max, 99 Bedford, Eric, British Embassy, Washington, D.C., 215 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 112 Behne, Adolf, 109 Behrendt, Walter Curt, Modern Building, 165,166,211 Behrens, Peter, 9-10,100,124,161,168, 190,191,208,214,229,268,269,281-3, 285-9,291,317; AEG High Tension Factory, Berlin, 57,228,235; AEG Small Motors Factory, Berlin, 289; AEG Turbine Factory, Berlin, 57,228,234, 287,289; exhibition hall, Mannheim, Germany (1907), 288; Festival Hall, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne (1914), 315; Gasworks, Frankfurt-Osthafen, Germany, 289; German Embassy, St. Petersburg, 60,234,289; Row House Settlement, 103 Bel Geddes, Norman, 139,165,2i7n5; General Motors Pavilion, New York World's Fair (with A. Kahn), 83,158 Belle, John, 135,233 Belluschi, Pietro, 30; Centra] Lutheran Church, Portland, Oregon, 171; Equitable Building, Portland, Oregon, 171 Benevolo, Leonardo, 4,38 Benn, Gottfried, 2 68 Bennett, Richard, "New York in the Future" 167 Bentley, Percy Dwight, 246-7; Argyle Scott House, La Crosse, Wisconsin, 246; Edward C. Bartl House, La Crosse, Wisconsin, 246; Emil Mueller House, La Crosse, Wisconsin, 63,246; Henry Salzer House, La Crosse, Wisconsin, 246-7; M. L. Fugina House, Fountain City, Wisconsin, 246 Berenguer, Francesc, 302 Berenson,Bernard, 241 Berg, Alban, 112 Berg, Max, Jahrhunderthalle (Centennial Hall), Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), 12o, 283,321050 Bergami'n, Rafael, 185 Berlage, Hendrik Petrus, 102,121,164, 247,268,269-70,275-7,27&; Bourse, Amsterdam, 275; Holland House, London, 61,275; Peace Palace (project), 275; St. Hubertus Hunting Lodge (project), 275 325 Berlin-Charlottenburg seminar, 299 Bierbaum, Otto Julius, 313,314 Bijvoet, Bernard, 138 Bitter, Hubert, Siedlung "Rundling" Leipzig-Lössnig, 104 Blake, Peter, 2,3,4 Bland, John, 35 Blondel, François, 163 Blondel, Jacques-François, 34 Boberg, Ferdinand, Nordiska Kompaniet Department Store, Stockholm, 260 Bohigas, Oriol, I3m6,48 Böhm, Dominikus, 114; Siedlungkirche, Mainz-Bifchofsheim, Germany, 70,121 Bolletino d'Arte (journal), 180 Bonatz, Paul, 164,208; Railway Station, Stuttgart, 305 Borthwick, Mamah, 240-3 Bottai, Giuseppe, 181,182 Brahms, Johannes, 242 Branner, Robert, 135,137,233,237 Brazil, 29 Breuer, Marcel, 3,8,25,142,144-5, 154. 169-70,203,205,284; Bell Tower, St. John's Abbey, Collegeville, Minnesota, 169; Breuer House, Lincoln, Massachusetts, 169; Civic Center of the Future (project; with Yorke), 146; Dolderthal Apartments, Zurich (with A. and E. Roth), 78,143,205; Gropius House, Lincoln, Massachusetts (with Gropius), 81,108,166,169; Hagerty House, Cohasset, Massachusetts (with Gropius), 171,176; Harnischmacher House, Wiesbaden, Germany, 76,143; IBM Building, Boca Raton, Florida, 170 Brickbuilder (journal), 270 Brinckmann, A. E., 194,299 Brinkman 8r Van der Vlugt: Bergpolder Apartments, Rotterdam, 78,203; Van Nelle Factory, Rotterdam, 70, 106,143,279 brise-soleil, 146,150,170 Brooks, Cleanth, 35 Brooks, H. Allen, 1,10,93,107,121,135,214, 233,301.3°3; biographical information about, 46; "The Midwest" 243-7 Brown, Theodore M., 10,93,135,207-8, 233; biographical information about, 46; and expressionism, 121-2; and functionalism, 101-2,106,126m; "Holland" 275-9 brutalism, 5,24 Buchanan, C. W., 251 Büchner, Georg, 112 Buell, Duncan, 171 Buffington, Leroy, tower project, 256 builders' houses, 252 bungalow courts, 252 bungalows, 250,252 Burckhardt, Jakob, 288 Burford, James, 98 Burke, Edmund, 23 Burnham, Daniel, 248,299; Conway Building, Chicago, 255; Edison Building, Chicago, 255; Peoples Gas, Light & Coke Building, Chicago, 255 Burnham and Bliesner, Riverside Public Library, California, 249 Burns, Silas, Southwest Museum, Los Angeles (with Hunt), 252 Byrne, Barry, 6 Byrne, Francis Barry: Church of Christ the King, Cork, Ireland, 121; Church of Christ the King, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 70,121; J. F. Clarke House, Fairfield, Iowa, 246 C Calder, Alexander "Sandy" 185,187 Calkins, Ernest Elmo, 217ns Calza-Bini, Alberto, 180 Capitoliurn (magazine), 180 Carr, J. Gordon, Aviation Building, New York World's Fair (1939; with Lescaze), 159 Carra, Carlo, 180 Carrère & Hastings: Fisk Rubber Building, New York, 257; Standard Oil Building, New York (with Shreve, Lamb, & Blake), 257 Casabella-Continuitâ (journal), 25,36, 114,117,164 Catalan Modernisme, 301-3 Catalan Renaissance, 301-2 Cattaneo, Cesare, 146; Apartment House, Cernobbio, Italy, 82,209 Cecchelli, Carlo, 180 Cerceau, Jacques Androuet du, 163 Cézanne, Paul, 185 Chafee, Richard, 93,120 Chamberlain, Samuel, 140 Chandler, A. J., 140 Chandler, Edgar, Road Town, 300 Chase, Mary Ellen, A Goodly Fellowship, 240 Cheney, Martha, 141,217ns Cheney, Sheldon, 141,165,217ns Chermayeff, Serge, 2,157; De La Warr Pavilion, Bexhill-on-Sea, England (with Mendelsohn), 154,205 Chernikhov, Iakov, 165 Chicago Architectural Club, 247,271 Chicago Fair Commission (1933), 2ign49 Chicago School, 102,154,228,270-1,317 Chicago Tribune Tower competition, 258 Chierici, Gino, 180 Chrysler Corporation, 196-7 Churchill, Henry, 198 Church Street subway station, New York, 300 CIAM. See Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne cinema, 118 Circle (journal), 165 cities andurbanism: Bauer Wurster on, 172-7,201; city planning (1907-17), 299-300; Corbusier and, 150-2; futurism and, 304-6; planning theory in National-Socialist Germany, 192-5; Rossi and, 37; Scully on, 167-72; turning away from, 166-7; West Coast, 251-2 Civil War, U.S., 318 classicism, 191,192,210-2,273 Clausetti, Enrico, 182 clients, 214 Cloth Guild Hall, Ypres, Belgium, 256 Colbert, Charles, 2 Cold War, 19,30 collectivism, 176 College Art Association, 31 Collins, George R„ 2,8,11,17,44,45.49, 93.132,135.207,216,233,316,318-9; biographical information about, 18,46; "The City-Planning Scene" 299-300; on De Stijl, 109-10; and expressionism, 6,114-20,122-3; and functionalism, 126m; Introductory Remarks (1966), 237; and MAS, 13ns; and MAS organization, 1,3-4, 6-7, 9,13ni8,14n46,15n52,18,94,136,237; selections of important buildings by, 78,82,206-7; "Spain: A Case Study in Action and Reaction" 183-6; Statement by the Organizers (1963), 94-5; Statement by the Organizers (1965), 136-7 Collins, Peter, 1,4,38,93,215,308; biographical information about, 46; Changing Ideals in Modern Architecture, 1750-1960,34-5; and expressionism, 124; and functionalism, 96-8,108,110; on modern architecture, 34-6 Colmeyer, Mrs. (secretary), 319 Colquhoun, Alan, 34 Columbia University: Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, 1,89,94-5,136,137; Department of Art History and Archaeology, 1,89,94,136, 137; Graduate Faculties, 137,319; School of Architecture, 2,13n6,137,319 Comité International pour la Résolution des Problèmes de l'Architecture Contemporaine (CIRPAC), 184 concrete, 251 Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM), 24-5,33,100,152-3, 173,174,186,201 Congresso Nazionale di Storia dell' Architettura, 180-2 Conrads, Ulrich, Phantastische Architektur (The Architecture of Fantasy) (with Sperlich), 113-4,127n4i constructivism, 102,117,122,146 Coonley, Mrs. Avery, 245 Copera.Jan, 312 Coppedé, Gino: Quartiere Coppedé, Rome, 65,118; Villa, Rome, 118 correalism, 197 Costa, Lucio, Ministry of Education, Rio de Janeiro (with Niemeyer and others), 202 Cowles, Linn, 238,241 Crabtree, William, and others, Peter Jones Department Store, London, 81, 143.203 Craftsman aesthetic, 248-9. See also Arts and Crafts movement Craig, Gordon, 117 Cram, Ralph Adams, 187,248 326 Crane, C. Howard, Earls Court, London, 80,215 Crasemann Collins, Christiane, 46,114 Creese, Walter L., 93; biographical information about, 46; and expressionism, 116-7,121-2; and functionalism, 101, 108-9 Crema, Luigi, 180 Cret, Paul, 140,187; Hall of Science, Chicago World s Fair (1933), 156 Croce, Benedetto, 185 Crystal Palace Exposition, London (1851), 156 Cuijpers, Eduard, 121 Cuijpers, P. J. H., 278 D Daly, César, 34 D'Amico, Silvio, 180 dance, 120,122 D'Annunzio, Gabriele, 182 Darmstadt Artists' Colony, 285 D'Aronco, Raimondo, Villa, Turin, 118 David, A. C., 255 Davidson, Walter, 162 Davis, Stuart, Egg Beater, 140 De Angelis D'Ossat, Guglielmo, 180,181 De Bazel, Karel, 278 Debbio, Enrico del, 180 De Carlo, Giancarlo, 25 Decentralists, 198 De 8 en Opbouw (periodical), 207 De Fries, Heinrich, 118 De Klerk, Michel, 9,105,120,123,204,275, 277,278; Eigen Haard Housing Block and Post Office, Amsterdam, 65,235; Scheepvaarthuis, Amsterdam, 277 Dekorative Kunst (journal), 271 Delà Mora, Enrique, 120 DeMars, Vernon, 198 Demuth, Charles, My Egypt, 139-40 Denmark, 258-9 Depression, 105,141,153,161,173,175,176 DesBarres, Joseph Frederick Wallet, plan for Sydney, Canada, 306 De Stijl, 6,9,10,101-4,108-10,118,148,150, 151,168,186,207,208,228,275-9 De Stijl (journal), 121-2,269,278-9 Deutscher Werkbund, 9,10,99,100,103, 190,204,228,258,260,269,280-4,291, 292,305.313.315-7 Dewey, John, Art as Experience, 153 DeZurko, Edward Robert, 98 diaspora architects, 152-4,205-6,210 Direzione Generale delle Antichità e Belle Arti, 180 Disraeli, Benjamin, 23 Dix, Otto, 99 Dollfuss, Engelbert, 189 Domènech i Montaner, Luis, 301-2; Casa Lleö Morera, Barcelona, 301; Hospital of San Pau, Barcelona, 302; Palau de la Müsica Catalana, Barcelona, 301 Dominguez, Martin, Zarzuela Hippodrome, Madrid (with Arniches andTorroja), 78,206-7 Donovan, John J., 251 D'Ors, Eugeni, 303 Douglas and Hartmann, 249 Drexler, Arthur, I3m6 Drummond, William: Dexter Ferry House (project), 245; First Congregational Church, Austin, Texas, 244 Dudok, Willem Marinus, 102,164,279; Hilversum Town Hall, Netherlands, 279 Duiker, Johannes, 138 Dutch architecture. See Holland E Eastern European architecture, 19 Eaton, Leonard K., 9,10; biographical information about, 47; "Scandinavian Architecture" 258-62 eclecticism, 32,35,123 economics, of architecture, 10,105-6,111 Edgell, George Harold, 126m, 200 Edgerton, Nancy, 137 Egbert, Donald Drew, 35,42n75 Eggeling, Viking, 107 Eichenberg, Pieter, 275 Eisenman, Peter, 39 Eliot, T. S., 35 Elmslie, George, 249; Henry Babson House, Riverside, Illinois (with Sullivan), 244. See also Purcell and Elmslie Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 100,101,276-7 empathy, 266 Empson, William, 35 England: architectural literature in, 164-5,270; German study of, in late nineteenth century, 280-1; technological advances in, 215 English architecture, loi Ernest Ludwig, Grand-Duke of Hesse- Darmstadt and the Rhine, 281 L'Esprit Nouveau (journal), no Etchells, Frederick, 96-8,140 ethical concerns, 100-1 Existenzminimum, 175,176 expressionism, 32,316-7; in the cinema, 118; in dance, 120; definitions and uses of the term, 112-4, u6,i24; French, 112; functionalism in relation to, 114-7, 120,124; German, 112-4,120; Italian, 112; MAS 1962 discussion of, 4-6,112- 25; Moholy-Nagy and, 25; in painting, 113-4,123; scholarship on, 13mg, I4n24; Steiner and, 262-7; in the theater, 117 F Faelton, Otto, 187 Fairleigh Dickinson University, 11 Farr, Finis, 239 Fascist Italy, 8,32,177-83,208 Fascist monumentality, 145 Fauvism, 113 Favre-Jacot, Georges, 308-9 Fazolo, Vincenzo, 180 Feder, Gottfried, 191 Ferber, Richard, American Lithograph Building, New York, 254 Ferriss, Hugh, 6,120,165; Metropolis of Tomorrow (project), 74,121 Fichera, Francesco, 164 Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 194 Figini, Luigi, 146,180 Finland, 29 Finnish architecture, 261-2 Finsterlin, Hermann, 5,119,122; Casa Nova-Zunkunftsarchitektur (project), 66,123 Fischer, Theodor, 282,315; Garrison Church, Ulm, Germany, 281 Fisker, Kay, 259 Fitch, James Marston, 1,2,28,30,93,133, 135,203,215,233; biographical information about, 47; and expressionism, 116,120,123; and functionalism, 101, 111; "The Rise of Technology" 195-9; "Walter Gropius, 1907-17" 289-93 Flagg, Ernest, Singer Building, New York, 255-6 Fletcher, Banister, 165 floreale,118 Fogg Art Museum, 28 folk architecture. See nativism and nationalism Ford, Henry, 139,238,245 Ford Foundation, 31 Ford Model A, 139,21704 Foschini, Arnoldo, 179 "Four Great Makers of Modern Architecture" (conference, 1961), 2 Fourier, Charles, 100 Fourier, Jean-Baptiste, 5 Frampton, Kenneth, 39 France, architectural literature in, 163,270 Franco, Fausto, 180 Franco, Francisco, 8 Frank, Josef, 190,2230101,2230102, 274.275 Frankl, Paul, 154 Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, 272 Franz Josef, Emperor, 273 Frey, Albert, Raymond Loewy House, Palm Springs, California, 215 Frühlicht (periodical), no, 122,316 Fry, Maxwell: Impington Village College, Cambridgeshire, England (with Gropius), 142; Papworth school project (with Gropius), 206 Fuller, Buckminster, 34,165,187,196-8, 2i7n6; Dymaxion car, 196; Dymaxion House (project), 72,139,196; prefabricated bathroom, 196,197 functionalism: American, 153; Bauhaus and, 153; definitions and uses of the term, 96-9,126m, 153,172-3; English, 101; expressionism in relation to, 114-7, 120,124; German, 99-100,153; MAS 1962 discussion of, 4-5,96-111 futurism, 34,104,118,268,304-6,311, 313-4,316-7 G Gabo, Naum, 102 Gallatin, Albert, 139 327 Gallery of Living Art, New York, 139 Garcia Mercadal, Fernando, 184 Gardella, Ignazio, Tuberculosis Clinic, Alessandria, Italy, 80,146 Garden City Association, 299,322065 Garden City Association of London: diagram of roof types, 104 Garden City concept, 174,190-1,270,281 Gamier, Charles, 294,304; Slaughterhouse, Lyon, 306 Gamier, Tony, 268; Industrial City (project), 252,270,306 Gaudi, Antoni, 9,10,94,113,114,118, 123,184,259,301,317; Casa Battlö, Barcelona, 301; Casa Milà, Barcelona, 301; Colonia Güell, 302; Crypt of the Colonia Guëll Chapel, Barcelona, 61,235; Parque Güell, Barcelona, 301; Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, 290 Gauguin, Paul, 117 Gazzola, Piero, 180 Gebhard, David, 1,9,10,15054; biographical information about, 47; "The West Coast Architecture Scene" 247-52 Geddes, Patrick, 300; Cities in Evolution, 299 Generation of 1925,185 George Braziller, 28 Germany: architectural literature in, 163-4,269 ; city planning theory under National Socialism, 192-5; Werkbund and associated art and design, 280-4. See also National Socialism Gesamtkultur (total culture), 100 Gesellius, Lindgren and Saarinen, 261; Helsinki National Museum, 58,261 Giedion, Sigfried, 4,5,24,29,34,38, 40026,153,173,175,204,2o6;CIAM Town Planning Charter, 100; Space, Time and Architecture, 13mg, 22,29,142, 165,204-5,284 Giglioli, Giulio, 180,183 Gilbert, Cass: Broadway-Chambers Building, New York, 255; Woolworth Building, New York, 60,256,314-5 Gill, Irving, 108,229,246,248,251; Casa Grande (project), 252; Echo Park Court, Los Angeles, California, 252; Horatio West Court, Santa Monica, California, 251; Lee House, San Diego, California, 251; Lewis Courts, Sierra Madre, California, 252; Miltimore House, South Pasadena, California, 60,251; Timken House, San Diego, California, 251; Torrance, California plan, 251-2 Gilly, Friedrich, 285,288,289 Gilman, Arthur, Bennett Building, New York, 253-4 Gilman 8t Kendall, Equitable Life Assurance Building, New York (with Post), 253 Giovannoni, Gustavo, 178,180-2 Godley, Fred, 187 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 100,262-4 Goff, Bruce, 6,122 The Golem (film), 118 Goodhue, Bertram, 140,187,270; Panama-California Exposition, San Diego (with Winslow), 63,248 Goodman, Percival, 7,135,233 Goodwin, Philip, I4n39; Museum of Modem Art, New York (with Stone), 83,143,203 Grady, James, 11,233 Graham, Ernest R., Equitable Building, New York, 257 greenbelt concept, 174 Greenberg, Clement, 35 Greene & Greene, 108,170,229,250; Bandini House, Pasadena, California, 250; Crow House, Pasadena, California, 250; Culbertson House, Pasadena, California, 58,250; Freeman Ford House, Pasadena, California, 250; Gamble House, Pasadena, California, 250; R. R. Blacker House, Pasadena, California, 250 Gresham, Thomas, Royal Stock Exchange, London, 256 Griffin, Walter Burley, 247; Canberra, Australia plan, 246,247,306; Frederick Carter House, Evanston, Illinois, 244; Hurd Comstock House, Evanston, Illinois, 246; Stinson Memorial Library, Anna, Illinois, 246 Gropius, Walter, 9,1307,88,130,153-4, 165,168,176,187,211,215-6,312,317; Bauhaus Building, Dessau, Germany, 69,106-7,169,204; Bauhaus Master's House, Dessau, Germany, 71; Civic Center, Halle, Germany (project), 138; conference appearances of, 2,3; criticisms of, 8,25,175; and De Stijl, 102, 104; early work of, 229; entrance building, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne (1914), 284; and expressionism, 113, 114-5; Fagus Shoe-Last Factory, Alfeld-an-der-Leine, Germany (with Meyer), 60,228,234,258,292; and functionalism, 99-100,116; General Panel Corporation prefabricated house (with Wachsmann), 292; Gropius House, Lincoln, Massachusetts (with Breuer), 81,108,166,169; Hagerty House, Cohasset, Massachusetts (with Breuer), 171,176; Harvard Graduate Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 8, 154,168,171; Hasselhorst Project, 103; housing forms, diagram and model of, 103; Impington Village College, Cambridgeshire, England (with Fry), 142; influence of, 260; influence of, on American architectural education, 28-9 ; and modern architecture, 147-8; Monument to the Fallen, Berlin, 67,114,117; 1907-17,258,260,284, 289-93,302,315; Pan Am Building, 30; Papworth school project (with Fry), 206; Siedlung, Dessau-Törten, Germany, 71,103; Spanish tour of, 290, 302; Total Theater project, 138; Weimar monument (see Monument to the Fallen, Berlin); Weissenhofsiedlung, Stuttgart, 104; and the Werkbund, 283 ; Werkbund Model Factory, Cologne (with Meyer), 62,235 Grosser and Schürmann, City of 20,000 Inhabitants (project), 80 Grosz, George, 99 Grupo de arquitectosy técnicos espanoles para el progreso de la arquitectura contemporanea (GATEPAC), 184-6 Grupo de Artistas y Técnicos Espanoles Para la Arquitectura Contemporanea, 303 Gruppo Sette, 179 Guevrekian, Gabriel, 190 H Hagmann, John S., 52 Hamlin, A. D. F., 101 Hamlin, Talbot, 50,88,199-200 Häring, Hugo, 120,138,190; Farm, Gut Garkau, Germany, 71,117 Harris, Harwell Hamilton, 170; Johnson House, Los Angeles, 166-7 Harrison, Wallace K., 14039,187 Harrison and Fouilhoux, House and Barn, Tomorrow Town, New York World's Fair (1939), 158-9 Hartlaub, Gustav, 99 Harvard Graduate School of Design, 28-9 Haskell, Douglas, 174,175 Hauptmann, Gerhart, 208 Haussmann, Georges-Eugène, 157 Heap, Jane, 141,2i8n22 Hegel, G. W. F., 112,155 Heineman, Arthur, bungalow courts, Pasadena, California, 252 Henard, Eugene, 300 Het Genootschap Architectura et Amicitia, 122 Hillside Home School, Taliesin, Wisconsin, 240 Hirons, Fred, 187 Hirsch, Stefan, 121 historic preservation, 30 historiography, 17-39; academic context for, 30-1; architect's view of, 300-1; and cultural differences, 20; empirical approach in,20-4; European approaches in, 20-1,24-6; evolutionary vs. analytical, 280; and historical distance, 19-20,188,212-3,307; and historical judgment, 317; MAS 1964 discussion of, 8-9; MAS 1966 discussion of, 10-1; andperiodization, 19, 137,213; politics and, 11,23-4,30-2; the present as a touchpoint in, 26-30; pure vs. applied, 313-4; role of ideas and theory in, 21-31,186-7,209; the role of symposia in, 310-1; social context and, 27-8; and theories of modern architecture, 32-9; in the United States, 20-31 Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 2-3,38, 40n26,44,45.51.93,133,135,17°, '79,199,207,209-16,233,307,311-2, 314-9 ; Architecture: Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, 22-3; biographical information about, 47; Chairman's 328 Memorandum (1962), 88-90; Chairman's Memorandum (1964), 130- 1; Chairman's Memorandum (1966), 228-9; and expressionism, 6 "2-4, 116-25; and functionalism, 5,98,101-7, 110-1; and historiography, 17,22-3, 28,31-2,39,88; The International Style: Architecture Since 1922 (with Johnson), 2,4,13ni7,13n20,142-3,146-7,153-5, 165,168-9; Introductory Remarks (1966), 237-8; and MAS organization, 1,3-4,6,9,13m8,17-8,94,96,136,237; on modern architecture, 1,7,18-9,22, 34,140,154-5,199; and modern architecture, 202-3 ; Modern Architecture: Romanticism andReinteyration, 13017, 165,168,187; on politics and architecture, 8; selections of important buildings by, 76-9, Si, 83,202-3; on Wright, 160,238-9 Hitler, Adolf, 8,189,194,206,211 Hoeber, Fritz, 269 Hoffmann, Josef, 9,164,188-91,223ni02, 249.268-9,272-5,282,308; Austrian Pavilion courtyard, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, 62; Austrian Pavilion courtyard, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne (1914), 274; designs for Wiener Kunstschau (1908), 272-3; Fledermaus cabaret, Vienna, 272; House of World Peace (project), 275; Primavesi House, Vienna, 274; Stoclet Palace (or House), Brussels, 59, 108,234,272-4 Hofmannsthal, Hugo von, 274 Höger, Fritz, 164; Chilehaus, Hamburg, Germany, 68,114 Hohe Warte (periodical), 190-1 Holabird St Roche, 260; Brooks Building, Chicago, 58,254; Century Building, Chicago, 254; Marquette Building, Chicago, 254; Monroe Building, Chicago, 254; Old Colony Building, Chicago, 255; Republic Building, Chicago, 254 Holland, 106; architectural literature in, 164.269-70,278; in 1907-17,275-9; in 1915-25,204; in 1930s, 207-8 Holzmeister, Clemens, 164,189,190,192 Honegger, Denis, 46 Hood, Raymond, 121,138,140,187; American Radiator Building, New York, 121; Electrical Building, Chicago World's Fair (1933), 156; McGraw- Hill Building, New York, 141,258; Rockefeller Center, New York, 7,81, 105,145,203,253,257 Hood St Howells, Daily News Building, New York, 75,121,257 Horta, Victor, 138,268,317 Hound and Horn (magazine), 140 housing, 172-7,198,201-2,277,291-2 Housing Act (1937). 175 Howard, Ebenezer, 190,270 Howard, John Galen, 248 Howarth, Thomas, 30; "The Problem of Mackintosh" 303 Howe, George, 105,138,140,187,214 Howe and Lescaze, Philadelphia Savings Fund Society (PSFS) Building, Philadelphia, 77,105,141,143,146, 203,258 Hudnut, Joseph, 153,211,215-6 Hudson Tube Building, London, 300 Hunt, Eager, St Burns, Bent House, Los Angeles, 57,249 Hunt, Richard Morris, New York Tribune Building, 256 Hunt, Sumner, Southwest Museum, Los Angeles (with Burns), 252 Huxtable, Ada Louise, I3ni6 I industrial design, 139,144,174,197, 2i7n4,2i7n5,286 influence, meanings and uses of the term, 312-3 Inhauser, H., 99 inorganic architecture, 166 Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies, 11,39 Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, 211 International Congress and Comparative Exhibition of Cities (Ghent, 1913), 299 International Congresses of Modern Architecture (CIAM). See Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM) International Congress of the History of Art (conference, 1961), 2,6,89,94, 136,237 International Cottage Style, 3 International Style: critiques of, 2-3, 7-8,14n37; definitions and uses of the term, 173,186; and housing, 172-7; Johnson and, 1,123; MAS 1964 discussion of, 7-8; in the 1930s, 142-7; and pictorialism, 168; regional influences on, 144-6; and technology, 144,153; in the United States, 141,215,258; world's fairs and, 157-8. See also modern architecture and modernism The International Style: Architecture Since 1922 (Hitchcock and Johnson), 2,4, I3ni7,13020 International Style exhibition. See Modern Architecture: International Exhibition (1932) Italian architecture, 88,112,118 Italian futurism. See futurism Italy, architectural literature of the 1930s in,164,177-83 iio (periodical), no Itten, Johannes, 114-5 Izenour, Steven, 36 J Jaarboek Nederlandsche Ambacts-en Nijverheidkunst (yearbook), 278 Jacob, Max, 268 Jacobs, Jane, 27-8,172 Jacobus, John M., 93,135,202,207,233; biographical information about, 47-8; and expressionism, 122; and functionalism, 106-9; on maintenance of modern architecture, 106-7; on Wright, 125 Jaffé, Hans L. C., 277-8 Jahrbücher (Deutscher Werkbund yearbook), 269 Japan, 29,238 Jencks, Charles, 12 Jenney, William Le Baron, 317; Home Life Insurance Building, Chicago, 254 Jensen-Klint, P. V., Grundtvig Church, Copenhagen, 67,121 John B. Pierce Foundation, 197 Johnson, A. M., 160 Johnson, Philip, 2-3,14n39,93,98,135, 172,233; biographical information about, 48; eclecticism of, 32,35; on economics of architecture, 106; and expressionism, 114,120,122-3; funding provided by, 1304,18,95,137, 319; Glass House, New Canaan, Connecticut, 3; The International Style: Architecture Since 1922 (with Hitchcock), 2,4,13ni7,13n20,142-3, 146-7,153-5,165,168-9; andMAS organization, 1,3,6,9,18,94,136,237; and modern architecture, 1,9-10, 18,29,145,199; and Nazism, I4n39, 14046; Seagram Building, New York (with Mies), 48,154,257; selections of important buildings by, 56,57,59-63, 234-5 Johnson, William Templeton, Parker School, San Diego, California, 251 Johnston, William, Jayne Building, Philadelphia, 254 Jones, Inigo, 23 Jooss, Kurt, 120 Jordy, William H., 1,7-8,21,135,169,233, 317; biographical information about, 48; "The International Style in the 1930s" 142-7; selections of important buildings by, 81,82,203; "The Symbolic Essence of Modern European Architecture of the Twenties and Its Continuing Influence" 21 Journal 0/the Society of Architectural Historians, 17,137,237 The Journal of the Town Planning Institute, 299 Jugendstil, 116,191,212,259,260,261,275 Jujol, Josep Maria, 301; Torre de la Creu, Sant Joan Despf, Spain, 302 K Kahn, Albert, 229; Dodge Truck Plant, Warren, Michigan, 81,143,203; General Motors Pavilion, New York World's Fair (with Bel Geddes), 83,158 Kahn, Ely Jacques, 140 Kahn, Louis, 8,124,171,205,207; First Unitarian Church, Rochester, New York, 207; project for Philadelphia, 167; Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, 207; Yale Art Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut, 172 Kaiser, Kenneth H., 315 329 Kallmann, Gerhard M., 2,3 Kampmann, Hack, Police Headquarters, Copenhagen, 259 Kastner, Alfred, Carl Mackley Houses, Philadelphia (with Stonorov), 78,214 Kaufmann, Edgar, Jr., 1,3,6,7,10,25, 45.93. i". H*. 135.233; biographical information about, 48; and expressionism, 112-3,120-1,123,124; "Frank Lloyd Wright's Years of Crisis" 238-43; "Frank Lloyd Wright's Years of Modernism, 1925-35" 160-3; on Wright, 124-5,160-3, ai9n5o, 238-43 Kaufmann, Emil, 165 Keck, George F., House of Tomorrow, Chicago World's Fair (1933). 156-7 Kennedy, John F., 31 Key, Ellen, 241 Kidder-Smith, G. E., 279 Kiesler, Frederick, 120,197 Kilham, Walter, 121 Kimball, Fiske, 126m Kimball, Francis H., Adams Express Building, New York, 255 Kimball & Thompson, Manhattan Life Insurance Company Building, New York,254 Klee, Paul, 169 Klein, Alexander, 173 Klimt, Gustav, 272,274,275 Knapp, Werner, 193 Kocher, A. Lawrence, 138,141 Kramer, Piet, 277 Krautheimer, Richard, 35 Kreis, Wilhelm, 179,190 Kreutzberg, Harold, 120 L Labatut.Jean, 42075 Lacasa, Luis, Spanish Pavilion, World's Fair, Paris (with Sert), So, 185 Ladies'Home Journal (magazine), 244 La Follette, Robert M., Sr., 102 Lambert, Pierre-Edouard, 46 Lancaster, Osbert, 31,211 landscape gardening, 248 Lang, Fritz, Metropolis, 118 Larson, Theodore, 197 Latin American architecture, 22,120 Laugier, Marc-Antoine, 150 Lazzari, Marino, 180,182 League of Nations competition, 72,138 Le Brun, Napoleon, & Sons, Metropolitan Life Tower, New York, 256 Le Corbusier, 8,9,29,88,104,230,168, 184,213,258,273; Algiers plan, 146; apartment house, Algiers (1938-9), 202; artistic development of, 147-52; Centrosoyus, Moscow, 72,110; Chandigarh, India, 147,150,152,169- 70,201; CI AM Town Planning Charter, 100; and the city, 150-2; and the classical, 210; conference appearances of, 2; "cottage architecture" of, 3; and craft, 176; Creation is a Patient Search, 310; criticisms of, 174-5; Double House, Weissenhofsiedlung, Stuttgart, 103, 138,149,205; earlyworkof, 22 g-,Etude sur le mouvement d'art décoratif en Allemagne, 270; and expressionism, 112,117,120; Ferme Radieuse (project), 151-2,201; and folk architecture, 308-10; andfunctionalism, 96-8,100, 102,108; Immeubles villas (project), 147; influence of, 215; influences on, 312-3; interiors designed by, 149; La Sainte Baume (project), 149; Law Court, Algiers (project), 150; League of Nations competition entry, 72,143; Maison Citrohan (prototype), 67,108, 110,111,138,147,148,294,295,297,310; Maison de week-end, La Celle-Saint- Cloud, France, 79,146,149; Maison Dom-Ino (prototype), 63,111,235,294, 295.297,306; Maison Errazuriz (project), 148,149; Maison Jaoul, Neuilly-sur- Seine, France, 147,149; Maison La Roche, Paris, 138; Maison Monol (project), 146,147,148,149; "La Maison Suisse" 309 ; and modern architecture, 138,140,147-8,153,169-70,186-7; Modulor system of, 26; Mundaneum (project), 150,151,152; Nemours, Algeria (project), 151; Notre Dame du Haut, Ronchamp, France, 112,117,123; Oeuure complète, 163,294,310; Palace of the Soviets (project), 146; Pavilion de l'Esprit Nouveau, Paris, 69,146, 202; Plan for Hellocourt, 151; Plan Macia, Barcelona, 151,184; Plan Voisin, Paris, 151; Project for an Apartment, Algiers, 77,150; Rentenanstalt, Zurich (project), 149; Sainte Marie de La Tourette, Lyons, France, 297; St. Dié, France, 152; Swiss Pavilion, Paris, 110, 145; Unité d'Habitation, Marseilles, France, 170,176,187; University of Brazil (project), 150,151; Vers une architecture (Towards a New Architecture) ,33, 35,96-8,110,140,142,294,296; Villa Baizeau, Carthage, Tunisia, 148; Villa Church, Ville d'Avray, France, 149,150; Villa de Mandrot, Le Pradet, France, 76,145,149; Villa Fallet, La Chaux-de- Fonds, Switzerland, 294; Villa Favre-Jacot, Le Locle, Switzerland, 294,308; Villa Jacquemet, La Chaux-de- Fonds, Switzerland, 294; Villa Jeanneret, Paris, 294,308; Villa Le Sextant, Mathes, France, 149; Villa Savoye, Poissy, France, 74,106,138, 143,148,204-5; Villa Schwöb, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, 10, 26, 64,138,293-8,310; Villa Shodhan, Ahmedabad, India, 147,148; Villa Stein, Garches, France, in, 138,143, *95.297; Villa Stotzer, La Chaux-de- Fonds, Switzerland, 294; Ville Contemporaine (project), 147,151,152; writings of, 155 Ledoux, Claude-Nicholas, 165,186 Léger, Fernand, 187 Lehman, J. H. W., Het Moderne Landhuis inNederland (with Sluyterman), 279 Lescaze, William, 187; Aviation Building, New York World's Fair (1939 ; with Carr), 159; Capitol Bus Terminal, New York, 141. See also Howe and Lescaze Lescaze, William, Capitol Bus Terminal, New York, 141 Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, 100 "less is more" 176 Lethaby, William Richard, 280 Lichtblau, Ernst, 190 Lichtwark, Alfred, rgo Lincoln, Abraham, 318 Lincoln Center, New York, 177-8 Lind, S. I., 158 Lindbergh, Charles, 139 Lindhal St Thomé, Clubhouse, Helsinki Polytechnic, 261 Lipps, Theodor, 266 Lissitzky, El, 165; Cloud Hangers, Moscow, 69 literature, architectural. See architecture: literature on The Little Review (magazine), 141 Liverpool Cathedral group, 165 Lloyd-Jones, Jane, 240 Lloyd-Jones, Nell, 240 Lods, Marcel: Cité de la Muette, Drancy, Paris (with Beaudouin), 77,203; Open- Air School, Suresnes, France (with Beaudouin), 78,203 Longhi, Roberto, 180 Loos, Adolf, 9,101,164,189,190,205, 212,229,25t, 252,268-9,273,275; Horticultural Association Grounds, Vienna, 273; House on Michaelerplatz, Vienna, 273; Kärntner (or American) Bar, Vienna, 56,234,272; "Ornament und Verbrechen" ("Ornament and Crime"), 269; Steiner House, Vienna, 58.235 Los Angeles, California, 201-2 Lozowick, Louis, 121 Luciano, Mario Tufaroli, 179 Ludendorff, Erich, 292-3 Lueger, Karl, 273 Lundberg-Holm, Knud, 197 Lurçat, André, 163 Lutyens, Edwin, 9-10,165; Palace of the Viceroy and Capitol Complex, New Delhi, 76,235 Lux, Josef August, 190,191,2230102,269 M MachineAge exposition (1927), 141,2i8n22, 2i8n23 Machine Age ideology, 175-7,3°5 Machine Art (exhibition, 1934), 165 Mackay, David, 10,304; "Action History in Spain" 300-3; biographical information about, 48-9 Macke, August, 316 Mackintosh, Charles Rennie, 9,248,249, 268,270,302,303,317; Ingram Street Tea Room, Glasgow, 303; School of Art, Glasgow, 57,236,281,303; Willow Tea Rooms, Glasgow, 303 Maher, George, 250 330 Mahony, Marion, 242,245 Mailer, Norman, 206,2240138 Maillart, Robert, 306,318 Maillol, Aristide, 185,288 Maison du Diable, Le Locle, Switzerland, 308-10 Malevich, Kasimir, 102,122 Mallet-Stevens, Robert, 163 Mann, John, 120 Manson, Grant Carpenter, 240 Marc, Franz, 117,316 March, Werner, 164 Mariani, Valeriano, 182 Marinetti, Filippo, 105 Markelius, Sven, 159,174,201 Marlow, Mimi, 274 Marot, Jean, 163 Marshall & Fox, Woods Theater Building, Chicago, 254 Martorell, Josep, 48 Marxism, 209 MAS. See Modern Architecture Symposia Maso, Rafael, 302 Maswon, Thomas, Civic Art, 299 May, Ernst, 99,105,173; Flearst Hall, University of California at Berkeley, 249; Lawson House, Berkeley, California, 249; Matheson House, Berkeley, California, 249; Niederrad Quarter, Frankfurt-am-Main (with Rudloff), 103; Siedlung Römerstadt, Frankfurt, 71,104 Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 268 Maybeck, Bernard, 108,248,251 Mayhew, Clarence, 168 Mazzocchi, Gianni, 180 McAndrew, John, 14039,45 McCoubrey, John, 139 McCoy, Esther, 107 McKim, Mead & White, 29-30,248,270, 317; Municipal Building, New York, 206; Pennsylvania Station, New York, 59,315 McLaughlin, James W., Shillito Department Store, Cincinnati, 254 Mead & Requa, Ojai, California redevelopment, 251 Mediterraneanismo, 184-5 Meeks, Carroll, 7,93,132,135,171,215,233; biographical information about, 49; and expressionism, 112,118,123; and functionalism, 104-5, i°8; "Yale and the Ivy League Tradition" 187 Meier, Richard, 52 Mendelsohn, Erich, 8,25,116-7, 120, 123-4,126m, 164,165,176,203,228, 284,314,318 ; Chaim Weizmann House, Rehobeth, Israel, 79,145, 205; De La Warr Pavilion, Bexhill-on- Sea, England (with Chermayeff), 154,205; Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany, 66,116,123,267; Hat Factory, Luckenwalde, 205; House on the Rupenhorn, Berlin, 205; Schocken Department Store, Stuttgart, 205 Merkelbach, Benjamin, 207 Messel, Alfred, Wertheim Store, Berlin, 260,281 methodology. See historiography Metropolis (film), 118 Metzendorf, Georg, "Neues Niederrheinisches Dorf" Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne (1914), 315 Meyer, Adolf, 103,291; Fagus Shoe- Last Factory, Alfeld-an-der-Leine, Germany (with Gropius), 60,228,234, 258,292; Werkbund Model Factory, Cologne (with Gropius), 62,235 Michelangelo, St. Peter s Cathedral, Rome, 296-7 Michelucci, Giovanni, 180 Midwest architecture, 243-7. See also Prairie School Mieras, J. P., 277 Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 2,9-10,29, 88,130,145, i6i, 176,211-2,258,284, 289; Block of Flats, Weissenhof, 104; criticisms of, 25,174-5,203-4,206; early work of, 229; Friedrichstrasse Skyscraper, Berlin, 66,114,117; Gericke House (project), 204; German Pavilion, Barcelona, 75,138, 143,145,154,158,163,204; Gropius and, I3n7; Illinois Institute of Technology, campus plan, Chicago, 83,154,171,206; and the International Style, 142-3; Kröller-Müller Villa, Wassenaar, the Netherlands, 61, 234; and modern architecture, 153; and National Socialism, 203,206; Reichsbank, Berlin (project), 206; Reichsbank, Krefeld, Germany (project), 143; Seagram Building, New York (with Johnson), 48,154, 257; Silk Administration Building, Krefeld, Germany (project), 143. 206; Tugendhat House, Brno, Czech Republic, 154,204-5; Ubrig House, Berlin-Neubabelsberg, 3°5I Weissenhofsiedlung, Stuttgart, 72, 104,138,143 Mikkelsen, Michael, 140-1 millennialism, 209 Miller, Kenneth Hayes, 121 Millon, Henry, 1,8,14n33,32,44,45.93. 132,135,136,233; biographical information about, 49; and functionalism, 126m; and MAS organization, 94; "The Role of History of Architecture in Fascist Italy" 177-83 Miro, Joan, 185 Mission Revival, 248-52,308 Mock Kassler, Elizabeth, 7-8,14039, 135,168,209,214-5,233; biographical information about, 45; selections of important buildings by, 82,202 Modern Architecture Research Group (MARS), 33,164 modern architecture and modernism: conferences on, 1-3; critiques of, 2-3,11,29,174-7; defining, 19,25; humanizing of, 143-4; maintenance of, 105-7; scholarship on, 19; social concerns of, 172-7,198; in Spain, 183-6; and technology, 153,195-9; theories of, 32-9; in the United States, 140-1; world's fairs and, 157-8; Wright and, 160-3. See also International Style "Modern Architecture: Death or Metamorphosis?" (symposium, 1961), 29 Modern Architecture: International Exhibition (1932), 1,2, ymo, 18,22,23, 27,45,47,48 Modern Architecture Symposia (MAS): American complexion of, 18; end of, 11, 17; funding for, I3n4,18; objective of, 17; overview of, 3-4,11-2; participants in, 18,45-53; precedents for, 2-3; proceedings of, 17,40m; selection of panelists for, 3,4,7,9,13ni6; viewpoints expressed in, 1-2. See also individual symposia Modern Architecture Symposia (MAS) 1962,44,88-125; book exhibition for, 95,112; Chairman's Memorandum, 88-90; exhibitions coordinated with, 94-5; expressionism as topic of, 112-25; functionalism as topic of, 96-111; funding for, 95; overview of, 4-6; participants and guests, 93; Statement of Purpose, 4; Topics for Consideration, 91 Modern Architecture Symposia (MAS) 1964,44,130-216; agenda, 132-3; Chairman's Memorandum, 130-1; funding for, 137; general discussion, 201-16; overview of, 6-9; participants and guests, 135; presentation of papers, 138-200; Statement by the Organizers (1965), 136-7 Modern Architecture Symposia (MAS) 1966,228-319; agenda, 230-1; Chairman's Memorandum, 228-9; Comments on the Significant Buildings and Projects of the Decade, 234-6; funding for, 319; general discussion, 311-9; overview of, 9-11; participants and guests, 233; presentation of papers, 237-311 Moderne Bauformen (journal), 269 ModerneBouwkunst (journal), 164 modernism. See modern architecture and modernism Moeschke (later Poelzig), Marlene, 118 Moholy-Nagy, Läszlö, 2,20,49,114,168, 169; The Mew Vision, 33 Moholy-Nagy, Sibyl, 1,24,93,132,135,201, 202,207,209,213,214,233,234,287, 292,316,317; biographical information about, 19-20,49; criticisms of modern architecture by, 8,25,153-4,203-6; "The Diaspora" 152-4; and expressionism, 114-5,117; and functionalism, 4-5,98-100,103-4,153; "Futurism" 304-7; on Gropius and De StijI, 102; and historiography, 10-11,25-6,213,304-7, 310,313-4; on maintenance of modern architecture, 107; on modern architecture, 2,9,10,4in69,105; on the 1930s, 203-6; temperament of, 11,49 331 Molière, Marinus Jan Granpré, 208,278; Tuindorp Vreewijk, Rotterdam, 64, 277 Monconill, Llui's, 302 Mondrian, Piet, 102,186,277-9 monumentality, 8,31-2,145,166-7,169-72, 177,211,2i7n3,287,289 Moretti, Luigi, 164 Morganjulia, 249 Morris, William, 116,190-1,272,276,281, 285,287,291 Moser, Kolo, 190,275 Movimento Italiano per l'Architettura Razionale, 179 Muche, Georg, Haus am Horn, Weimar, Germany, 68,103 Müller-Wulckow, Walter, Wohnbauten und Siedlungen, 115 Mullgardt, Louis Christian: Court of the Ages, San Francisco World's Fair, 248; Louis Christian Mullgardt house (project), 250 Mumford, Lewis, 4, ynio, 23,166,198, 200; "The Case against Modern Architecture" 27; critique of modern architecture by, 2-3,27; on functional-ism, 5; and historiography, 27 Museum of Modern Art, New York (MoMA), 35,45,165,166 Mussolini, Benito, 32,177,179,181,182 Muthesius, Hermann, 98-9,101,190, 268,269,280-4,291,292,315-6; "The Significance of Kunstgewerbe" 282; "Werkbund Activities and the Future" 283 N Nalle, Eugene, 167-8 National Socialism, 5,8,14046,25,164, 182,190-5,203,206,211,214 nativism and nationalism: in Austria, 189-92,274; in Finland, 261; in Germany, 193-5,211; in Italy, 181-5. See also vernacular and regional traditions and styles Nazism. See National Socialism Needham, Paul, 250 Nelson, George, 3 Nelson, Paul, 187 neoclassicism, 7,9,145,210,211,248,259 neo-expressionism, 5-6 neoliberty, 32 Nervi, Pier Luigi, Military Hangers, Orbetello, Italy, 83,207,283 Netherlands. See Holland Neubacher, Hermann, 189-90,192 Neue Sachlichkeit (new objectivity), 99,120 Neumann, J. B., 115 Neutra, Richard, 107-9,144 190 252; Bell (Corona Avenue) School, Los Angeles, 79,143,203; Jardinette Apartments, Los Angeles, 141; John Nicholas Brown House, Fishers Island, New York, 79,143,203; Lovell Health House, Los Angeles, 73,108,141,143; Rush City office tower (project), 141; Wie baut Amerika?, 141 Nevinson, C. R., 120 New Criticism, 35 New Deal, 198 new empiricism, 143 New Palladianism, 26 New Towns (Germany), 193-4 New Towns (United States), 174 Neui Yorker (magazine), 2 Niemeyer, Oscar, Ministry of Education, Rio de Janeiro (with Costa and others), 202 Niemeyer, Wilhelm, 285,288 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 117,285,288 Nilsson, George, 260 Nitschke, Oscar, 187 "noble savage" 117 Noel, Miriam, 240 Norton, Paul F., 7,132,135,233,318; biographical information about, 49; "World's Fairs in the 1930s" 156-9 Norway, 261 Noucentisme, 303 Novalis, 112,114,194 Novembergruppe, 115 Nuova Tendenza (exhibition), 304 Nyrop, Martin, 258-60; Copenhagen City Hall, 56,258-9 O Ohmann, Friedrich, 271 Ojai, California, 251 Ojetti, Ugo, 180 O'Keeffe, Georgia, 120 Olbrich, Joseph Maria, 268-9,281, 282,302; Haus Feinhals, Cologne, Germany, 191 Olmsted brothers, 251 Oppositions (journal), 39 organic architecture, 166,194 Osness, Johan, Forretningsbank, Trondheim, 261 Östberg, Ragnar, 258; Stockholm Town Hall, 258,260 Ostendorf, Friedrich, 191 Österreichische Werkbund, 188,190, 192,273 Osthaus, Ernst, 290-1 Osthaus, Karl Ernst, 273 Otto, Christian F., 7,8,9,133,135,233,316, 319; biographical information about, 49-50; "City-Planning Theory in National-Socialist Germany" 192-5 Oud, J. J. P., 101,106,109-10,142,153, 164,168,173,208,235; Café de Unie, Rotterdam, 69,102; Seaside Housing (project), 278; Shell Building, The Hague, 279; Villa Allegonda, Katwijk, Netherlands, 278; Weissenhof Building Exposition, Stuttgart, 103 Ozenfant, Amédée, 187,310 P Pagano, Giuseppe, 164,180 painting: architecture in relation to, 102; emergence of American modern, 139-40; expressionism in, 113-4,124 Palace of the League of Nations, 7 Palladio (journal), 178,180-3 Pan Am Building, 30 Panofsky, Erwin, 20-1,48,50,311 Paris Jazz-Modern, 138,140 Parker, Thomas & Rice, Lexington Gas and Electric Company Building, Baltimore, 255 Parrington, Vernon L., 139 Pasternak, Boris, 268 patronage, 214 Paul, Bruno, 191,282 Pederson, Howard, 93,101 Peisch, Mark L., 93,133,135,233; biographical information about, 50; and expressionism, 120,121; and function-alism, 102-3; "Modern Architecture and Architectural Criticism in the United States" 199-200 Pennsylvania Station, New York, 29-30 Perkins, Dwight H., 260; Carl Schurz High School, Chicago, 244-5 Perret, Auguste, 26,34,35,120,229, 268,270,294,306,308,312; Garage Ponthieu, Paris, 310 Perse, Saint-Jean, 268 Persico, Edoardo, 180 Perspecta (journal), 35 Petersen, Carl, Faaborg Museum, Funen, 259 Petrocchi, Giuseppe, 180 Petrucci, Franco, 179 Pevsner, Antoine, 102 Pevsner, Nikolaus, 4,5,34,38,88,152,178, 292,303; The Englishness of English Art, 4in66; Pioneers of the Modern Movement, 131119 33 4in66,101,165 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 214 Piacentini, Marcello, 164,179,180 Pica, Agnoldomenico, 164 Picasso, Pablo, Guernica, 185 pictorialism, in architecture, 167-8 Pietzsch, Martin, Kunstler House, Luschwitz, 281 pilotis, no, 170 Pinthus, Kurt, Menschheitsdämmerung, 113 Piranesi, Giovanni Battista, 120 Piscator, Edwin, 138 Pius X, Pope, 121 Placzek, Adolf, 11,44,93,132,135,208,233, 307,316,318; biographical information about, 18,50; "A Brief Review of the Decade's Architecture Literature" 163-5; and expressionism, 112,113, 115,117,124; and functionalism, 100; and historiography, 19,25-6,213, 307; on library matters, 112,122; "The Literature of the Decade, 1907-17" 267- 71; and MAS organization, 1,3-4,6,9, 18,94,136,237; selections of important buildings by, 79 ; Statement by the Organizers (1963), 94-5; Statement by the Organizers (1965), 136-7 Plato, 147,203 Piatt, Charles, 270 Plecnik, Josef, 312; Heilig Geist Kirche, Vienna, 273 Poelzig, Hans, 9,118,123,164,268,283-4; 332 Salzburg Festival Theater, 66,118, 123; Water Tower, Posen, Germany (now Poznan,Poland),59,283; Werdermühle, Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), jf, 235 Poiret, Paul, 310 politics: architecture in relation to, 31-2, 163-4, V3,179,188-95,208-9,211-2; historiography and, 11,23-4,30-2; MAS 1964 and, 8. See also reactionary trends Polk, Willis, 249; Hallidie Building, San Francisco, 64,257 Pollini, Gino, 180 Popper, Karl, 23 Posener, Julius, 316 Post, George B. : Equitable Life Assurance Building, New York (with Gilman 8r Kendall), 253; Ha vemeyer Building, New York, 255; Western Union Building, New York, 253 postmodernism, 11-2,36-7,39 Pound, Ezra, 268 Powers, Horace: Edward McCready House, Oak Park, Illinois (with Spencer), 244;John W. Broughton House, River Forest, Illinois (with Spencer), 244 Prairie School, 10,243-50,270-1 precisionism, 139 Price, Bruce: American Surety Building, New York, 255; New York Sun tower (project), 256 Price, Cedric, yjm6 Das Profil (periodical), 189,2230101 Progressive Architecture (journal), 123 Progressive movement, 102-3 Prokofiev, Sergei, "The Age of Steel" 122 Pueblo Revival, 252 Puig i Cadalfalch, Josep, 302; Casa Ametller, Barcelona, 301 Pundt, Herman G., 93, toy Purcell, William, 247; Charles Purcell House, River Forest, Illinois, 244 Purcell and Elmslie, 246,250; Bradley Bungalow, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 59,246; Edison Shop, Chicago, 246; Edison Shop, San Francisco, 250; Little House, Berkeley, California, 250 Pyramide (journal), 99 R Rabelais, François, 326 race,182,193-4 Radburn, New Jersey, 76,141,174 Radio City Music Hall, New York, 120 Rafn, Aage, 259 Ralph Fletcher Seymour Company, 241 Rank, Otto, 26 Ransome, Ernest L., 251 Rapp & Rapp, Paramount Theater Building, New York, 257 Rasmussen, Steen Eiler, 174,201 Rathenau, Walter, 285-8, zgi Rationalisierung der Bauwirtschaft (rationalization of the construction industry), 99 rationalism, 5,177,179-80 Rava, Arnaldo, 180 reactionary trends: Austria, 188-92; collaborating architects and, 208; Germany, 192-5; Italy, 177-83; Spain, 183-6 Read, Herbert, 164 Reconstruction (Dutch architects' group), 207 Reed St Stem, Grand Central Station, New York (with Warren & Wetmore), 61,236 Reggiori, Ferdinando, 180 regionalism. See vernacular and regional traditions and styles Reilly, Charles, 165 Reinhardt, Max, 274 Resettlement Administration, 198 Richards, J. M., 4,98 Richardson, H. H., 261-2,276 Riegl, Alois, 285,287,288 Riemerschmid, Richard, 259,282 Rietveld, Gerrit, 102,108,190,207,275, 276,278; Schroeder House, Utrecht, 69, 102,148,277 Robertson, R. H., Park Row Building, New York, 254 Rogers, Ernesto, 2,25,36 Rogers, James Gamble, 187; Columbia Medical Center, New York, 140 Roller, Alfred, 273,274 Roma (magazine), 180 Romanelli, Pietro, 183 Romanticism, 112,114,124,194 Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 198 Root, John, Reliance Building, Chicago, 154 Rosen, Anton, 258-60; Hector's Metropole Theatre, Copenhagen, 259; Palace Hotel, Copenhagen, 259; Savoy Hotel, Copenhagen, 259 Rosenau, Helen, 3U-3;biographical information about, 50 Rosenberg, Léonce, 102 Rosenblum, Robert, 45,93,135,233; biographical information about, 50; and expressionism, 113-4,117,222 Rossi, Aldo, 39\l'architettura della cittct (The Architecture of the City), 36-7 Roth, Alfred and Emil, Dolderthal Apartments, Zurich (with Breuer), 78, 143,205 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 5,100 Roux-Spitz, Michel, 163 Rowe, Colin, 1,7,9,10, a, i4fl32,22-4,2 6, 35,39.4on26,44,135,208-10,214,233, 308; biographical information about, 50-1 ; selections of important buildings by, 82; "Some Observations on the Villa Schwöb" 293-8 Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), 32,33,299,300? Rudioff, C. H.: Niederrad Quarter, Frankfurt-am-Main (with May), 103 Ruskin, John, 182,190-1,282,283; The Seven Lamps of Architecture, 291, 305,306 S Saarinen, Eero, 32,117; Dulles Airport, Chantilly, Virginia, 123,205; General Motors Technical Center, Detroit, 117; TWA Terminal, New York City, 117,123 Saarinen, Eliel, 121,187,229,258; Helsinki Railway Station, 62,261 Saint-Simon, Henri de, 5,100 Salmi, Mario, 180 San Francisco Bay Area style. See Bay Region style Sant'Elia, Antonio, 9,104-5,121,22S, 258, 304-5,311-2,314,316,318; Citta Nuova (project), 62,235; Manifesto dell'Ar-chitetto Futurista, 304 Santomasso, Eugene, 93; biographical information about, 51; "Rudolf Steiner and the Emergence of Expressionism" 262-7 Sartoris, Alberto, 164 Scandinavia, architectural literature of the 1930s in, 164 Scandinavian architecture, 10,168,174, 201,258-62,32on22 Scarafoni, Ermenegildo Scaccia, 180 Schapiro, Meyer, 50 Scharoun, Hans, 25,99,118,120,122,123, 138,284; Philharmonic Hall, Berlin, 283 Scheerbart, Paul, 5,114,316-7 Schelling, F. W.}., 112 Schiele, Egon, 275 Schindler, Rudolph, 107-9,252; Lovell Beach House, Newport Beach, California, 71,108,141; Pueblo Ribera, La Jolla, California, 68,108 Schinkel, Karl Friedrich, 152,192,211-2, 229,234,273,288; Military Prison, Berlin, 305 Schlegel, Friedrich, 194,263,265 Schlemmer, Oskar, 7,117; Bauhaus stage design, 70 Schliemann, Heinrich, 288 Schmarsow, August, 285,288 Schmitthenner, Paul, 281 Schoenberg, Arnold, 113 Schoenmaekers, M. H. J., 278 School of Delft, 208 schooi planning, 25 t Schultze-Naumburg, Paul, 190,206 Schumann, Robert, 112 Schuyler, Montgomery, 199 science, 172,174.197 Scott, Geoffrey, 280 Scott Brown, Denise, 35,36 Scully, Vincent, 1,14n35,35.93. 32. 135,142,201,207,211,214,233,311; biographical information about, 51; "Doldrums in the Suburbs"3,8, I4n42,165-72; and functionalism, 108-11 Searing, Helen, i3m6,22 Sekler, Eduard F., 1,7,8,20,132,135,233, 303,311; "The Architectural Reaction in Austria" 188-92; biographical information about, 51; and historiography, 188,212-3; selections of 333 important buildings by, 83; "Vienna" 271-5 Sekler, Mary Patricia May, 44,93. HS, *33. 237; biographical information about, 51-2; "Le Corbusier and the Maison du Diable at Le Locle" 308-to; notes for MAS rg62 by, 94 Selinski, K., t23 Semper, Gottfried, 282 Serényi, Péter, 5,93,132,135,233; biographical information about, 52; and expressionism, 124; and functionalism, 100-1,110-1; "Le Corbusier's Changing Attitude toward Form" 147-52; selections of important buildings by, 77,202 Sert, José Luis, 2,51,184; Spanish Pavilion, World's Fair, Paris (with Lacasa), 80,185 Servaes, Franz, 272 Sfaellos, Charalambos, 98 Shand, P. Morton, 98 Shaw, Norman, 281 Sheeler, Charles, 140 Shelley, Joseph M., 135,233,314-5 Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge: Ames Building, Boston, 254; Corn Exchange Building, Chicago, 255 Shingle Style, 170 Shreve, Lamb, 8r Blake, Standard Oil Building, New York (with Carrère 8t Hastings), 257 Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, Empire State Building, New York, 3,105,256 Shulof, Suzanne, 93,118 Sibelius, Jean, 261 Siegfried, André, 139 Siemensstadt, Germany, 173 Siepmann, Eckhard, 233,314,317 Silliman & Farnesworth, Morse Building, New York, 254 Sindicato Nazionale Fascista Architetti, 180 Sitte, Camillo, Der Städte-Bau nach seinen Künstlerischen Grundsätzen (City Planning According to Artistic Principles), 299 skeleton frame, 257-8 Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, 22,35; Air Force Academy, Colorado, 117; Lever House, 155 skyscrapers, 211; development of, to 1917, 253-8; economic factors in construction of, 10,255-6; expressionism and, 6,120-1; scholarship on, 19; zoning codes' effect on, 257 Slutzky, Robert, 51 Sluy terman, Karl, He t Moderne Landhuis in Nederland (with Leliman), 279 Smith, George Washington, Brooks Frothingham House, Santa Barbara, California, 252 Smith, Kenneth, 135,215,233; selections of important buildings by, 80,81 Smithson, Alison and Peter, 24,171 Soane, John, 152 social context: for historiography, 27-8; for modern architecture, 172-7; for technology, 198 Socialist Realism, 192 Soffici, Ardengo, 180 Sonck, Lars, 229,258,259; Kallio Church, Helsinki, 262; Telephone Building, Helsinki, 261 Soriano, Raphael, Lukens House, West Adams, California, 249 Soviet architecture, 14044,19,123,174, 206 Soviet Union, architectural literature of the 1930s in,165 Spain, 164,183-6,300-3 Spanish Colonial Revival, 251,252 Speer, Albert, 164,179,193 Spencer, Robert, Jr. : Edward McCready House, Oak Park, Illinois (with Powers), 244;John W. Broughton House, River Forest, Illinois (with Powers), 244 Spengler, Oswald, The Decline of the West, 140,194 Sperlich, Hans G., Phantastische Architektur (The Architecture of Fantasy) (with Conrads), 113-4,127041 Sperry, Joseph Evans, Emerson Tower, Baltimore, 256 Sprague, Arthur R., 93,237; notes for MAS 1962 by, 94 Der Stadtbau (journal), 299 Stam, Mart, 279 standardization, 99,176,284,315 Starrett & Van Vleck, Everett Building, New York, j6,255 Stein, Clarence S., 165; Radburn, New Jersey (with H. Wright), 76,141,174 Steiner, Rudolf, 114,115,262-7; Columned Hall, Theosophical Society, Stuttgart, 263-4; Goetheana, Dornach, Switzerland, 73,113,114,262-7; Haus Duldeck, Dornach, Switzerland, 266; Heating and Electric Plant, Dörnach, Switzerland, 266 Stern, Robert A. M., 7,9,15052,19,35, 93,105,132,135,136,144,166,213,214; biographical information about, 52; and expressionism, 121,123; and functionalism, 105; "Relevance of the Decade" 138-41; selections of important buildings by, 56-9, 61,62, 65,76,235-6 Stick Style, 170-1 Stile futurista (magazine), 164 Stockholm Exhibition (1930), 157,201 Stone, Edward Durell, 32; Museum of Modern Art, New York (with Goodwin), 83,143,203 Stonorov, Oscar, Carl Mackley Houses, Philadelphia (with Kastner), 78,214 Strauss, Richard, 208,274 Strnad, Oskar, 164,190,2230102,274-5 structural rationalism, 34 Strzygowski, Josef, 288 Stiibben, Josef, Der Städtebau (Urban Development), 299 The Studio (journal), 271 Sturgis, Russell, 199 Der Sturm, 268,317 style, 99-100 suburban architecture, 165-7 Sullivan, Louis, 121,140,171,199,214, 228,244,246,249,250,260,268, 270,276,317; Fraternity Temple (project), 256; Henry Babson House, Riverside, Illinois (with Elmslie), 244; National Farmers' Bank, Owatonna, Minnesota, 244. See also Adler & Sullivan Summerson, John, 35,38,4in65,151; "The Case for a Theory of Modern Architecture" 32-3,110 superblock, 174 Swedish architecture, 121,260-1 symbolism, 114,116 Syrkus, Helena, 154,192 T Taft, Lorado, 187 Tafuri, Manfredo, 37-9 ; Progetto e Utopia (Architecture and Utopia), 38; Teorie e storia dell'architettura (Theories and History of Architecture), 37-8 Tallmadge, Thomas, 140,200,243-4,247 Tallmadge and Watson, Easterbrook House, Oak Park, Illinois, 244 taste, norms for, 99 Tatlin, Vladimir, 102; Monument to the Third International (project), 65,122 Tatum, George B., 135,233 Taut, Bruno, 5,10,25,138,164,195,282-4, 312,316; Alpine Architektur, 116,160; and expressionism, 112,115-6,118, 122; and functionalism, 99,100,110; Glass House, Deutscher Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, 63; housing developments designed by, 283; Modern Architecture, 115 Taut, Max, 284 Teague, Walter Dorwin, National Cash Register Building, New York World's Fair (1939), 158 Team 10,24-5; "Team 10 Primer" 24 Technocrats, 198 technological advances: in the International Style, 144; in 1930s, 195-9, 215; in skyscraper construction, 253-8; social concerns of, 198; in the United States, 138-41,195-9 Tecton Group, 164; Finsbury Health Centre, London, 81,215 Telfer, D. Dean, 135,233 Tennessee Valley Administration, 198 Terragni, Giuseppe, 164,180; Casa del Fascio (nowPopolo), Como, Italy, 79, 203,208 Tessenow, Heinrich, 191,194 theater, 117,118,124,138,162,264-5,274~5 theory: historiography and, 21-31; and modern architecture, 32-9 Theosophical Society, 262-3 Third German Art and Crafts Exhibition (Dresden, 1906), 281-2 Thomas, Griffith, Domestic Sewing 334 Machine Building, New York, 253 Thomas, John Hudson: Fleager House, Berkeley, California, 249; Kelly House, Santa Barbara, California, 249; Wintermute House, Berkeley, California, 249 Thoreau, Henry David, 101 Tobin, Mrs. (Wright's mother-in-law), 240 Toesca, Pietro, 180 Tomei, Piero, 180 Torrance, California, 251-2 Torroja, Eduardo, 185-6; Zarzuela Hippodrome, Madrid (with Arniches and Dominguez), 78,206-7 totalitarian architecture, 8,14046 Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri de, 117 The Town Planning Review (journal), 299 Triggs, H. Inigo, Town Planning, Past, Present and Possible, 299 Troost, Paul, 164,179 Trowbridge St Livingston, Bankers Trust Building, New York, 256 T-Square Club, 271 type-casting, 284,315 U Underhill, Francis, Francis Underhill House, Montecito, California, 250 Ungaretti, Giuseppe, 268 United States: architectural criticism and literature in, 165,199-200,270-1; Civil War in, 318; cultural and technological innovations of, 138-41,195-9; diaspora architects in, 152-5,206; historiography in, 20-31; and modern architecture, 101,140-1,212,214-5,258 Unwin, Raymond, 174; Town Planning in Practice, 270,299 Urban, Joseph, Ziegfeld Theatre, New York,140 urbanism. See cities and urbanism L'Urbe (magazine), 180 U.S. Capitol Building, Washington, D.C.,318 Utopia, 147,165,176,198,285-6,312 Utzon, Jörn, 29,117 V Vaccaro, Giuseppe, 164 Van Alen, William, Chrysler Building, New York, 3,120 Van Bergen, John: Alfred Bersbach House, Wilmette, Illinois, 246; Flori Blondeel Houses, Oak Park, Illinois, 246 Van Den Broek, J. H., 207 Van der Leck, Bart, 277 Van der May, Johan Melchior, Scheepvaarthuis, Amsterdam, 277 Van der Vlugt, Leendert Cornelis, 207-8; Gewerbeschule (Trade School), Groningen, the Netherlands, 67,204. See also Brinkman & Van der Vlugt Van de Velde, Henry, 101,116,268,269, 282,291-3,305; Hohenhof, Hägen, Germany, 281; theater, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne (1914), 284 Van Doesburg, Theo, 102,109,122,126m, 150,186,207,212,277-8; Cafe Aubette, Strasbourg, France, 73,109; Rhythm 0/ a Russian Dance, 151 Van Eesteren, Cornelis, 174 Van Eyck, Aldo, 117 Van Gogh, Vincent, 117 Van't Hoff, Robert, 279; Huis ter Heide, near Utrecht, 64,277 Van Tijen, Willem, 207-8 Venice School, 39 Venturi, Robert, 38,39,42n75; Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture, 11, 35-6; Learningfrom Las Vegas, 36 vernacular and regional traditions and styles: Bay Region style, 7; Dutch architecture and, 122; in Italy, 22in8i; Le Corbusier and, 308-10; modern architecture and, 9,10,130; in 1930s, 144-6; in Spain, 184-5; Wright and, 146,279. See also specific geographic locations; nativism and nationalism Vetter, Hans A., 189,223nioi Vienna, Austria, 271-5 Vienna Secession, 248,249,271,272 Vierge Urrabieta, Daniel, 242 Vietnam War, 11 Vighi, Roberto, 180,182 Vignola, Giacomo Barozzi da, 171 Visionary Architecture (exhibition, i960), 141126 Vogel, F. R., Das amerikanische Haus, 247 Volpe, Gioacchino, 183 Von Holst, Hermann, 245 Von Holst and Fyfe, Henry Ford House (project), 245 Von Laban, Rudolph, 120 Voorhees, Walker, Foley, and Smith, Budd Company Building, New York World's Fair (1939), 159 Voysey, Charles, 205,248,249,268,270, 3'6 W Wachsmann, Konrad, General Panel Corporation prefabricated house (withGropius), 292 Wagner, Martin, 173 Wagner, Otto, 190,249,268-9,271-5. 311-2; Friedenskirche (project), 275; Die Grossstadt (The Big City), 299; Lupus Hospital, Vienna, 274; Moderne Architektur, 268-9,312; Schützenhaus, Vienna, 271-2; Steinhof Chapel, Vienna, 108; Villa Wagner, Vienna, 108 Wagner, Richard, 112,117 Waiden, Herwarth, 317 Waiden, Neil Roslund, 317 Walker, Ralph, 187; Barclay-Vesey Telephone Building, New York, 140,256 Walker and Walker, 250 Walkowitz, Abraham, 121 Wanscher, Wilhelm, 260 Warburg, Aby, 311 Warren & Wetmore, 9-10; Grand Central Station, New York (with Reed & Stem), 62,236 Warsaw, Poland, 208 Wasmuths Monatshefte (journal), 118,269 Weininger, Andrew (Andor), 7,135,233 Weisberger, Pepe, 290 Weisman, Winston, 9,10,19,32oni7; biographical information about, 52; "The Skyscraper" 253-8 Weissenhofsiedlung, Stuttgart, 72, 103-4,138,143,149,316 Welsh, Robert, 277 Wendingen (journal), 121-2,160,164,207, 269,277,278 Werkbund. See Deutscher Werkbund; Österreichische Werkbund Werkbund Siedlung, Lainz, Austria, 189-90,192 West Coast architecture, 10,107-9,247- 52,317. See also Bay Region style Western Architect (journal), 270 Westman, Carl, 258,260; Law Courts, Stockholm, 260; Röhsska Museum for Design and Handicrafts, Göteborg, Sweden, 260; Town Hall, Nyköping, Sweden, 260 "What is Happening to Modern Architecture?" (conference session, 1948), 2-3 Whitaker, Charles Harris, 198 Whitman, Walt, 100,101 Whittick, Arnold, 96,126m Whittlesey, Charles, 251; Pacific Building, San Francisco, 249; Philharmonic Auditorium and Office Building, Los Angeles, 249 Wiedenhoff (graduate student), 316-7 Wiene, Robert, movie still from The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, 65,277 Wiener Werkstätte, 190,269,274 Wigman, Mary, 120 Wijdeveld, Hendrik, 207 Wilhelm II, Kaiser, 280,282 Willatsen, Andrew, 250 Williams, Owen, 215 Williams, William Carlos, 268 Wilson, Colin St. John, 7,8-9,11,24,132, 135,202,209,233; biographical information about, 52; "The Committed Architect" 186-7 Wilson, Corwin, 198 Wincklemann, Johann Joachim, 288 Winslow, Carlton, Panama-California Exposition (withGoodhue), 63,248 Winter, Robert, 47 Wittkower, Rudolf, 2,7,11,23,26-7, 4on26,49,50,51,135,209-14,233,314. 317-8; Architectural Principles in the Age ofHumanism, 26,171; biographical information about, 52; "The Purpose of Symposia in the History of Architecture" 310-1 Wlach, Oskar, 274,275 Wolf & Wolf, 250,251 Wölfflin, Heinrich, 50,280 Wood, Edith Elmer, 165 Wooley, Taylor, 242-3 World's Columbian Exposition (Chicago, 1893), 244 335 World's Fair (Barcelona, 1929), 158 World's Fair (Chicago, 1933), 156,219049 World's Fair (New York, 1939), 158-9 World's Fair (New York, 1964), 159 World's Fair (Paris, 1937}, 157-8,185 world's fairs, 156-9 World War 1,100,113,147-8,269,275, 292-3,314,318 World War II, 32,198-9 Worringer, Wilhelm, Abstraktion und Einfühlung (Abstractionand Empathy), 266 Wright, Anna (mother), 239-40 Wright, Catherine (wife), 240 Wright, Frank Lloyd, 2,7,10,25,48,88, 95,106,130,168,186,207,209,237-8; An Autobiography, 160,162,165; Avery Coonley House, Riverside, Illinois, 238,245; Avery Coonley Playhouse, Riverside, Illinois, 59,204,235; Barnsdall (Hollyhock) House, Los Angeles, 66,107,110-1,160; Beachy House, Oak Park, Illinois, 244; Broadacre City (project), 77,162,198, 201; and Chicago World's Fair, 219050; and clients, 124,214; and craft, 122, 176; critiques of, 124-5; Cudney House (project), 161; Dallas Theatre Center, 162; difficulties of, 140,160, 214,2i8ni9,238-43; The Disappearing City, 162,165,174; Edith Rockefeller McCormick House (project), 238; and expressionism, 113,124; Fireproof House, 244,246; Freeman House, Los Angeles, 162; and functionalism, 100,102-3,107-11,116; George W. Furbeck House, Oak Park, Illinois, 244; Gordon Strong Planetarium and Automobile Objective (project), 160-1; Hardy House, Racine, Wisconsin, 111,295-6; Harold McCormick House, Lake Forest, Illinois, 244, 245; Hillside Home School, Taliesin, Wisconsin, r62; House on the Mesa (project), 161-2; Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, 124,228,239; influence of, 204,215,228,243-7,252,260,269, 271,276-7,291; Interfaith Cathedral (project), 125,127064,160-1; and the International Style, 142,154; "In the Cause of Architecture" 245, 270; Johnson Wax Administration Building, Racine, Wisconsin, 159,162, 306; Jones House, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 161; Lake Tahoe Summer Colony (project), 161; Larkin Building, Buffalo, New York, 244,260,291; Malcolm Willey House, Minneapolis, 162; Mary and Stanley Marcus House, Dallas (project), 162; Mile High Center (project), 125; Millard House, Pasadena, California, 68,110-1,160; Modern Architecture (Kahn Lectures), 161,165; and modernism, 160-3; Mrs. Samuel W. Gladney House, Fort Worth, Texas, 162; Nakoma Clubhouse (project), 161; Noble Apartments, Los Angeles (project), 76,111,161; Olive Hill (project), 239; personal life of, 238-42; resurgence of, 140-1; Robie House, Chicago, 9,57,204,234,235,238,291; Sam Freeman House, Los Angeles, 107; San Marcos in the Desert (project), 161; Stewart House, Montecito, California, 250; St. Mark's-in-the- Bouwerie, New York (project), 161; Taliesin West, Scottsdale, Arizona, 82,202; Unity Temple, Oak Park, Illinois, 238; and vernacular/regional traditions, 146,279; Walker House, Carmel, California, 162; Wasmuth portfolio, 228,241-3,245,247,267,269, 270,271,291,295-6; Winslow House, River Forest, Illinois, 244; writings of, 155,199; Young House (project), 161 Wright, Frank Lloyd, Jr. (known as Lloyd), 238,241-3,252 Wright, Henry, 28,165,198; Radburn, New Jersey (with Stein), 76,141,174 Wright, John Lloyd (son), 239 Wright, Olgivanna (wife), 240 Wurster, Catherine Bauer. See Bauer Wurster, Catherine Wurster, William, 27,176; Campbell House, Stockton, California, 166 Y Yale University, 187; School of Public Health, 197 Yamasaki, Minoro, 32 Yorke, F. R. S., 164-5,205; Civic Center of the Future (project; with Breuer), 146 Z Zetlin, Lev, 215 Zevi, Bruno, 4,13ni6,38,40032,180,211; Towards an Organic Architecture, 166 Zocca, Mario, 180 Zweckbau (building to a purpose), 98, 100,101 336 |
