| Volltext: | INDEX Page numbers in italics refer to figures. absorption the absorptive "moment" 76, 77-9 in Bell 214-15 in Caillebotte 158-9, 160, 161-2, 162, 166-7, 168-9,176-8,182 in Chardin 112,117 concept of 8 in Corot 214 in Correggio 223 in Courbet 118, 212 crisis of 35-6 in David 12, 16, 38П, 82 Diderot and 117,118, 210 Duranty and 159 Duranty as an absorptive critic 159 forcing the issue of 162 in French sculptures 216-18 French tradition of 154,158,166, 219 in Géricault 72, 76, 77-9, 81, 95, 101-2,117-18 in Greuze 154 in Guérin 82-3 Huysmans and 159 illusion of 226 Manet's negation of 158,162 in Michelangelo 206, 207-8 in Millet 23-4, 60, 154 and the non-existence of the beholder 204 in Poussin 12 in Rembrandt 211, 212 tension with Impressionism 167 thematics of 298П21 theory of the cloister 176,180 in Zidane (Gordon and Parreno) 226-7 "aesthetic" or "stylistic" considerations, of Delacroix 58-9, 76,104 affect theory 198П AlmaTadema, Lawrence 308П34 Amadeus chamber orchestra 225 Anacreon, Greek poet 18 "Anacreonic" paintings 18-21, 25, 26-9, 36-8, 61, 63, 64 Andre, Carl 257 Andrea del Sarto 220 animals Heidegger on 88-9 see also Géricault, Théodore Anrep, Helen 222 antitheatricality, antitheatrical concept of 7-8 in Courbet 60,154 criticism of 305ШО in current artists 259 in David 12-16, 219-20 Diderot and 154, 204-5 French tradition of 154, 219-20 Fry and 204, 205-6, 210, 216 in Géricault 76 in Gordon 226-33 of the Jacobins 35-6 in Manet 154 in Poussin 12 problem of Millet 23-4 and unconsciousness 210 Antonello da Messina 222 apartment, theory of the 153, 176 "aporetic" pencil drawings, by David 39 Arena Chapel, Padua, Giotto frescoes 5,195, 206, 222, 307П20 I N D E X 3 1 5 L'Artiste 106, 109 artistic representation, conflict with historical fact 77, 84 artist's voice 248-9 Ashton, Jennifer, From Modernism to Postmodernism 258 autoaffection 182-5 autoeroticism 182-5 Babeuf, Gracchus (François-Noel) 49, 50 Bailly, Jean-Sylvian 16-17, 36 Balzac, Honoré de 4,104,105,106-9 "Le Chef-d'oeuvre inconnu" 109 "Le Colonel Chabert" 104,105, 106-9, 289П37 "Massimilla Doni" 289П37 Le Père Goriot 105 Barthes, Roland 4, 273Ш4 Baudelaire, Charles 23, 105, 256 "On the Essence of Laughter" 262-5 "Salon of 1846" 255-6, 291П47 Bazille, Frédéric 303П64 beauty, considerations surrounding viii, 196, 201, 210, 256 Beethoven, Ludwig van, Hammerklavier Sonata 235 beholder, the awareness of the existence of 8 Bordes on 16-17 in Caillebotte 168 central to Géricault's art and career 79/81, 95 in Courbet 79/81 in David 16-17, 27-8, 28-9, 36-7 double displacement of 8/10-11 in Manet 28-9, 30 non-existence of 117, 154, 204, 226 primordial convention that paintings are meant to be beheld 8 as the principal focus of the composition 36-7 as a problem for painting 12 walling off of 36 Bell, Clive, Art 201 Bell, Vanessa 210, 214-15, 216, 306П20 Bellini, Giovanni 208 Berenson, Bernard 197 Berkeley, George 136 Berkeley, Michael 236 Bernini 200-201, 205,220 Berryman, John 286M4 Blumenberg, Hans, Shipwreck with Spectator 267/70 Boilly, Louis-Léopold 283Ш4 Boime, Albert 301П44 Bonnet, Jean-Claude, La Naissance du Panthéon 49 Bonvin, François 176 borders, enclosing a painting within its own 204 Bordes, Philippe 16, 32, 47, 282-4П22 David after David: Essays on the Later Work 18-19 Jacques-Louis David: Empire to Exile 18 Börsch-Supan, Helmut 294-5П22 Bouguereau,William-Adolphe, Birth ofVenus 31ОП51 Bourbon regime 18, 55,105,105-6 Boy Musician, sculpture, Rheims 216-17, 217 Brahms, Johannes 235 Braunstein, Guy 225 Breton, Jules 176 brush-hand, palette-hand 41, 45, 46, 47,116,156, 189 brushwork Caillebotte's 169,192 David's 46 Delacroix's 58-9 Géricault's 53, 101 Impressionist 32 Manet's 29-30 Bryson, Norman 11, 14, 84, 88 Burty, Phillipe 299П27 Burwell, Carter 253 Bustamante, Jean-Marc 6, 257 Cage, John, 4J3"272-3Ш4 Caillebotte, Gustave absorption in 158-9 alliegence to Impressionism 153, 186-8, 189 antitheatricality in 7 associations with Courbet 162-3,164-5,17°-7L 173, 30ОП38 awareness of class in 170-75 background 4,151,152 distinguished between Manet and Impressionism 298П25 execution of paintings 152, 169, 188, 192 exhibitions 151-2, 298П21 as a figure painter 164 intertextuality in 180 painter-beholder relationship in 156-8 perspective in 156,161-2,163, 164, 180 political resonance in 170-75, 185-6 project 152, 164, 165-6 3i6 I N D E X [Caillebotte, Gustave continued] realism in 156,164,165,166,167,178/180, 185, 189,192 retirement from painting 186 signature 164-5,163 significance of 30 social identification in 171 still lifes 185-6 style 151,164, 299П29, 303П62 Calf in a Butcher's Shop 185,186 Calf's Head and Ox Tongue 185-6,186,187 The Floor-Scrapers 160-62,161, 163, 164,166, 168,170-71,173,181-2, 301П49, 302-3П57, 304П68 The Floor-Scrapers (Variant) 298П24 The House-Painters 168, 174-5,174 In a Café 303-4П65 Interior, Woman at the Window 159-60,160 Interior, Woman Seated 296П13 Laundry Drying 186-8,187 Laundry Drying along the Seine, Petit Gennevilliers 186-7,187 Luncheon 178/80, /79 Man at His Bath 184-5,184 Nude on a Couch 182-4,183,185 Nude on a Divan 298П20 Oarsman in a Top Hat 297Ш8 Oarsmen 162-3,162, 166, 168 Paris Street; Rainy Day vi, 150, 151, 163, 174-5, 176-8,177, 182, 298Ш9, 299П29 The Pont de l'Europe (Geneva) 168, 171-4,172, 298Ш9, 303П62 The Pont de l'Europe (Variant) (FortWorth) 168-9, 169, 170,173-4, 303П62 Portrait of ManWriting in His Study 166,167 Sclf-Portrait at the Easel 166, 188, 189 TheYerres, Effect of Rain 180-82,181 Young Man at His Window 1 i8n, 152-3,133, 156-8,138,162,163, 168, 301П49 Caillebotte, René 152-3,178 capitalism 105-6 Caravaggio 220, 306m 8 AmorVincit Omnia 280П29 Resurrection 280П29 caricature 106 Caro, Anthony 6, 257, 258, 265 Carolus-Duran, Emile-Auguste 297Ш3 Carracci, Annibale, Self-Portrait with Figures 41,42, 42,188 Caruel, Alexandrine-Modeste 53, 55 carving, by Japanese artisans 256 Castagnary, Jules-Antoine 166, 305ШО Cato Street conspiritors 95 causality 199, 209, 258, 259, 260 Cavell, Stanley, "The Avoidance of Love: A Reading of King Lear" 235-6 centered, centering, in Friedrich 121,123,126-42, 144,148-9 Cézanne, Paul 5, 32, 205, 308П40 Fry on 201, 206, 210, 220-21, зо6п20, 307П26 photograph at work on the hill of Les Lauves 304П67 Still Life with Fruit Dish 194 Chardin, Jean-Baptiste-Siméon 6, 7, 117, 213, 214, 303П61, 309П43 Blind Man 92 Young Student Drawing 112, 112, 117 Chaussard, Pierre-Jean 276ШО Chenique, Bruno 284П4, 287П29 Chesneau, Ernest 85-бп, 299П27, 305Ш0 chiaroscuro 67-8, 69, 209, 242 Chinese art 205, 220 Christian symbolism, in Friedrich 129,130-31, 295П22 Clark, T. J. 46,47, 50 cloister, theory of the 176, 180 cognize, cognition, as distinct from behold, beholding 118,118-19, 146, 289П6 Color Field painting 6 comedy 238-40, 262-3 Commune, Paris 171, 172, 173 Conlon, James 227 Corday, Charlotte 45, 47, 48-50, 49 "core" Impressionists 4, 152, 164 Corot, Jean-Baptiste-Camille 30, 214, 216 SeatedWoman with Bare Breasts 214 Correggio (Antonio Allegri), Adoration of the Magi 223, 223 coup de théâtre 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 208 coup d'oeil 157 Courbet, Gustave absorption in 166, 212 antitheatricality in 7,154 associations with Caillebotte 4, 162-3, 164-5, 170-71,173, 300П38 dogs in paintings 30ОП38 exile 171 focus on the bodily experience 157 I N D E X 3 1 7 Fry on 212, 213 as instigator of the modern movement 152 painter-beholder relationship in 60, 113/115, 154/156 painting himself into his paintings 24 persecution by the Third Republic 299П34 Realism 29, 60, 79,113/115-16,152,153-4. 178/180, 211-12 self-portraits 42,154,189 signature 164-5, theatricality an issue for 154 After Dinner at Omans 60, 79,113,114,116,118, 153-4.156,180, 189, 300П38 Baigneuse endormie 308П35 Blonde endormie 212, 213, 213-14 Burial at Omans 30ОП38 Painter's Studio 60, I15, 117, 118 The Source 115-16,116,118,154,156,189 The Stonebreakers 80, 113,114,116-17, n8, 160-61,163, 189 TheWheatSifters 80,113,115, 117, 118 Woman with a Parrot 182 Crane, Stephen 64 creation, logic of perpetual destruction/creation 258, 265 crisis, in the Diderotian project 3, 6, 13, 16, 21, 29, 35-6, 60 Cronan, Todd 4 cropping, of paintings 153,168 "cross-hairs" (as figure for consciousness), in Friedrich 123, 129, 148 Crow,Thomas 12, 32, 99П, 279020 Cunningham, David 253 Dante, Inferno 287П29 Darragon, Eric 296П9 Daubigny, Charles-François 30 Daumier, Honoré 7, 106 Rue Transnonain 287П33 David, Jacques-Louis "Anacreonic" paintings 18-21, 25, 26-9, 36-8, 61, 63, 64 anticipation of Manet 25 antitheatricality in 7 brushwork 46 Bryson on II, 14 connections with Géricault 53, 56, 93, 95, 278Ш4 critical response to 11,12 death 18 exile 29 history paintings 8/10-11-18, 21, 36, 84 imprisonment 36, 41, 48, 50, 51 link between Marat and Self-Portrait (1794) 43-8, 50 as a Neoclassicist 65 pencil drawings 39 perspective in 8/10-11 political resonance in 17-18 politics 35-6, 283Ш7 relations with Napoleon 18 suppression of dramatic action 104 tableau 8/10-11 theatricality in 63 worldhood in 27-8, 39, 85 Anger of Achilles 32-4, 33, 36, 37, 85 Belisarius Receiving Alms 3, 8/10, 9, 10-11, 38П, 92, 277Ш3, 278Ш3 Coronation of Napoleon 61/63 Cupid and Psyche 26-9, 27, 37 Death of Seneca 14 Death of Socrates 3, 9, 10, 12, 16, 83, 93 Distribution of the Eagles 18, 34-5, 35, 61 Fortune Teller 38П, 38 Intervention of the SabineWomen 3, 13-14,13, 16, 18, 35, 64, 73, 76,81,219-20 Leonidas at Thermopylae 14-15,15, 16, 18, 21, 34-5, 37, 64, 73, 81 Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons 3, 13-14, 16, 18, 69, 82, 82, 83, 93, 95 Marat at His Last Breath 28, 36, 43, 44, 45-6, 46-7, 48, 49, 50, 51 Mars Disarmed by Venus and the Graces 37-8, 37, 61, 28ОП27 Napoleon Crowning Himself 63, 63 Oath of the Horatii 3,10, 11-12,12, 13,14, 16, 33, 65,82, 83,93,219 The Prisoner 39 Sappho, Phaon, and Cupid 19-21, 20, 25, 28, 29, 36, 61 A Scene of Mourning 39 Self-Portrait (1791) 50-51, 51 Self-Portrait (1794) 4°, 4L 43/45-8, 45, 50, 51,188 Tennis Court Oath 16-18,17, 34, 36 Three Studies of Heads 39 Dedreux-Dorcy, Pierre-Joseph 72, 284П4 Degas, Edgar 153, 159 Portrait de l'artiste 304П66 Portraits in an Office (New Orleans) 301-2П49 3i8 I N D E X Del Sarto, Andrea 206 Delacroix, Eugène 19, 58,105 "aesthetic" or "stylistic" considerations 58-9, 76, 104 brushwork 58-9 The Bark of Dante 58-60, 59, 287П33 Death of Sardanapalus 59 Liberty at the Barricades 287П33 Delafontaine, Pierre-Maximilien 41, 283П22 Delahaye, Luc 6 Delaroche, Paul 291П50 Children of Edward IV in the Tower 291П50 Jane Grey 291П50 Delécluze, Etienne-Jean 13,15 Deleuze, Gilles 198П, 303П62 Della Quercia, Jacopo, Madonna and Child 218, 218 Demand, Thomas 6, 7 as a photographer 253-5, 256, 259, 260 as a sculptor 254 Camera 259 Escalator 259 Pacific Sun iii, 6, 250, 251-3, 258-9, 259-67, 261-8,269 production process 251-2, 259 soundtrack 253, 260, 266-7 Poll 253, 254-5, 254,259 Rain 259 Recorder 259 Trick 259 Tunnel 259 Yard 259 Denis, Maurice 197, 213 Derrida, Jacques 188, 308П41 determinacy 259 Diderot, Denis antitheatricality 6, 7,154, 204-5 on Chardin 303П61 on chiaroscuro 209 on the composition of a painting 208-9 critique of theatricality 61 drama and theater as antitheses 204-5 favorite portrait of himself 226 Fry influenced by 209-23 Fry on 209, 219 Fry's failure to recognize as a precursor 204, 213 on illusion and persuasion 16-17 on instantaneousness 209 legacy 296Ш2 on the painter-beholder relationship 204-5 on painting as drama 64 "pastoral" conception of painting 274м, 303П61, 3o6ni8 on pictorial unity 208 on Poussin 12 on the problem of portraiture 226 project circumvented by Delacroix 60, 76,104-5 closed to David 21, 36 continuation in Balzac 4 crisis 21 Géricault's adherence to 76 Manet's radical questioning of 4, 24-5, 29, 30, 60, 158-9, 162,165, 169-70, 205, 219 replaced by an aesthetic or poetic register 104-5 strategies 5-6 tradition of absorption 21,1x7, xi 8,166,176, 210, 213 tableau 36, 59, 77, 214, 222 unconsciousness for 210 view of High Renaissance painting 206 view of Poussin 12 Discours sur la poésie dramatique 7, 12, 36, 65 Entretiens sur le Fils naturel 7, 12, 36 Salons 7, 36, 209, 274Ш, 308П38, 309П46 Dieudonné, Lieutenant 65 directed motion 235, 236-7 dis-identification, in Friedrich 126-8 Disney Corporation, Fantasia 313П21 divine intention 258 dogs, in paintings 75, 93, 99, 172, 30ОП38 Dossi, Dosso 223 double displacement, of the beholder 8/10-11 doubles, Gordon's fascination with 248 drama, dramatic, drame as the antithesis of form 203-4 as the antithesis of theater 204-5 in Balzac 105,109 of Cezanne's still lifes 220-21 in David 12-13, 13-16, 18 dramatic expression 199, 201/203 dramatic narration 195-7, 198 Fry on 206, 209 Géricault's problems with 64-5 in Giotto 222 internal 208 I N D E X 3 1 9 painting as 64 Poussin's dramaturgy 206 progressive exclusion from French painting 104 rebirth through prose fiction 106-9 the tableau as a dramaturgical instrument 204, 214 Dubosc de Pesquidoux 176 Duczmal, Agnieszka 225, 230-31, 238, 243, 247 Dukas, Paul 313П21 Durand, Régis 255 Duranty, Edmond 23, 153, 159, 178, 296Ш2, 297Ш7, 305ШО La Nouvelle Peinture (The New Painting) 153, 176 "Those Who Will Be the Painters" 176 duration see instantaneousness; temporality, engaging with 258-9 Dürer, Albrecht self-portraits 282П9 Melancholy 287П32 Eakins, Thomas 298П21 earthquakes 267/9 Eco, Umberto 281П3 Edwards, Jonathan 258, 265 Eitner, Lorenz 81 El Greco 220 Fry on 199-201, 205 The Agony in the Garden (studio of) 199-201, 200 embodiment, embodiedness 85-6,156-7,188, 189-90, 303П64 emotion, aesthetic 198, 201/203, 206 endlessness 265 eroticism in Caillebotte 182-5 in Géricault 68, 69 Esquirol, Jean-Etienne-Dominique 57 evil eye 94 experience aesthetic 210 endlessness of a purely subjective 265 primacy of 257, 258 experiencing, versus framing 257, 265 expression, expressiveness in Cézanne 210 in David 33-4 dramatic action and 4, 61, 64, 65, 84,105,109 David's withdrawal from 14,15, 16, 64, 104 Fry on 198, 200, 201, 205, 219 in Gordon 240-46 musical 228-30, 244, 245, 246 in Wittgenstein 245-6 expressions, facial 28, 29, 34, 65, 101, 217 face, the, as a vehicle of "feeling" 227 faces in Gordon 240-4 andWittgenstein 245-6 facingness in Caillebotte 160,162, 178 in Manet 3, 25, 30, 32, 298П25 turn to 60 Fantin-Latour, Henri 42,166,188,191, 297013 Self-Portrait 188,188, 189-93,190 Fénéon, Félix 305ШО Fichte, Johann Gottlieb 118 figure seen from the rear in Caillebotte 152-3, 156-7,159-60 in Chardin 112 in Courbet 113-17,153-4, 154,154/!5б, 156 French tradition of 111-18 in Géricault 77, 96,112-13 see also Rückenfigur Fildes, Luke Fry on 221, 222 The Doctor 213, 221, 221, 222 Filipczak, Zirka 41 flattening 158 "formalism" 5, 68n, 195-223, 197, 198 Fragonard, Jean-Honoré 6, 7 framing versus experiencing 257, 265 Stein on 308П41 unexamined by Fry 214 windows as frames 153 Francis, St 307П26 French art, Fry on 216-19 French Revolution 35-6, 41-51 Freudian fixation 84 Fried, Michael Absorption and Theatricality 7,118, 204, 213 "Art and Objecthood" 6, 234, 236, 257, 257-8, 265 Courbet's Realism 7, 24, 60, 79, 113/115, 154 David after David: Essays on the Later Work 26 Four Honest Outlaws 6, 257 320 I N D E X [Fried, Michael continued] Manet's Modernism 7, 21,42,154,158,160, 169-70,176,188,191 Menzel's Realism 125,154 The Moment of Caravaggio 42,188 Why Photography Matters 6, 226, 253, 254, 256, 257 Friedrich, Caroline 122,141 Friedrich, Caspar David characteristics 118, 121,141 orientation (left/right) 120-25 spirituality in 141 use of the Rückenfigur I I I , 118,120-28,134-6, 139, 148 Arctic Shipwreck 146,147-8 In the Boat 138-9,139 The Chalk Cliffs of Rügen 110, in, 139-41,140 City by Moonlight 133,134 Dolmen in Autumn 141,142 Evening Star 138,138 The Great Enclosure 136/138,13y Landscape in Bohemia 132-4,133 The Lone Tree 136,137 A Man and a Woman Contemplating the Moon 111 Moonlight on the Sea 148-9,14p Morning in the Mountains 131-2,132, 136 Morning Mist in the Mountains 128, 129,129 Neubrandenburg in the Morning Mist in, 134-5, 135,136 Oak in Snow 141,142 The Riesenbirge in Moonlight 120-21,121 Sisters (or The Harbor at Night) 111, 135-6,133 Thicket of Firs in the Snow 141,143 Three Ages of Man 147, 148,148 Two Men by the Sea at Moonrise 134,134,136 Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 111,126-8,126, /27, 136 TheWatzmann 141-7,144 Winter Landscape with a Church 130-31,130 Woman 120-28 Woman at theWindow ill, 122—5,124, 128, 153 Woman before the Rising Sun 111,120,121-2,122, 123,128 Fry, Roger as antitheatrical 7, 204 background and views 4-6 on Bell 210,214-15, 306П20 on Bellini 208 on Bernini 200-201, 205 on Cézanne 201, 206, 210, 220-21, 306П20, 307П26 on Chardin 214 on Chinese art 205 coined term "Post-Impressionism" 201 concept of "form" 68n on Corot 214 on Courbet 212, 213 on Diderot 209, 219 early career 201 on El Greco 199-201, 205 failure to recognize Diderot as a precursor 213 on Fildes 221, 222 "formalism" 195-223 on Gauguin 205 on Géricault 285П7 on Giorgione 309П50 on Giotto 195-7, *98, 203, 205, 206, 222, 307П20 on High Renaissance painting 206-8, 219 on Jacopo della Quercia 218 on Japanese calligraphy 205 on Manet 210 on Matisse 210,216, 307П20, 307П27 on Michelangelo 207-8, 213 on pictorial unity 208 on Poussin 206 on Raphael 201-3, 204, 205, 207, 208 on Rembrandt 198, 210, 211-12, 213, 214, 216 on sentimental art 199, 200, 221 on Seurat 214 on Sickert 210, 215 on Ucello 211 on the unconscious and almost unconscious 209-1i on Van Gogh 214 Cézanne: A Study of His Development 220 Characteristics of French Art 214, 216—19, 220, 305Ш2 "The Double Nature of Painting" 304П3, 305Ш2, 309П46, 309П50 "An Essay in Aesthetics" 206, 213 "Henri Matisse" 216 "The Jacquemart-André Collection" 210-11 "Line as a Means of Expression in Modern Art" 307П27 "The Meaning of Pictures" 221-2 "Retrospect" 201, 208 I N D E X 3 2 1 "On Some Modern Drawings" 210, 215-16, 219 "Some Questions in Aesthetics" 209, 211, 214, 304П3, 308П39, 309П46 '"The Toilet,' by Rembrandt" 304-5П3 Transformations 304П3 Vision and Design 195, 199, 201, 205, 208, 216 Fualdès affair 58 Galassi, Peter 168, 30ОП38, 300П39 Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri 305m I Gauguin, Paul 205 Gautier, Théophile 23 Georget, Etienne-Jean 290П45 Géricault, Théodore antitheatricality in 7 artistic vision 64, 84 background 3-4 brushwork 53, 101 burial 29ОП42 centrality of the beholder to 79/81, 95 conflict between artistic representation and historical fact 77, 84 connection with "Le Colonel Chabert" (Balzac) 109 drawings based on the Fualdès affair 58 emergence of 19 Fry on 285П7 on Gros 64 influence 65-6, 83 life 53-7, 55-6, 64, 73, 102 links with David 29, 53, 56, 81, 81-2, 83, 278Ш4 links with Guérin 82-3 lithographs 55-6, 57, 89-90, 92-4, 96-7 Michelangelo's influence on 53, 65-6, 99 parallelism in 71-2 physicality in 67, 71, 84, 86-7 political involvement 55 political resonance in 92-4 preoccupation with animals, especially horses 53, 54-5. 56, 58, 65, 70-73, 86-8, 89-92, 99-100 realism in 69, 95 Riderless Horses project 54-5,54, 58, 70-73, 70, 77, 72, 77, 88 romanticism of 4, 64, 84-5, 112 sculptures 68n social identification 92-4,101-2,106 studied Raphael 53 style 64, 65/67-8, 84 Ancient Sacrifice 75, 75 Les Boueux 89, 90 Cattle Market 55, 73-6, 74, 77-8, 81, 290П40 Cavalry Battle 85, 86 Charging Chasseur 53, 59, 64, 65, 66, 71, 88 The Embrace 67, 68 Entrance to the Adelphi Wharf xi, 96-7, 96, 113, 117-18 Epsom Derby 56, 56 Executioner Strangling a Prisoner 65/67-8, 67, 69 Flemish Farrier 89, 90 Flemish Horses 89-90, 90 Le Haquet 99,100 Head of a White Horse 91, 92 Horse Artillery of the Guard in Action 85, 86 Landscape with a Roman Tomb 97-8, 98 Landscape with an Aqueduct 97-8 Landscape with Fishermen 97-8 Leda and the Swan 54 The Lime Kiln x, 57, 99-100/101,100 Mameluke Unhorsed by a Charge of Grenadiers 85, 86 Man Throwing a Bull 87, 88 Monomaniac of Envy 102 Monomaniac of Gambling 103 Monomaniac of Military Command 102 Mutiny on the Raft 85, 87, 99 Nymph and Satyr 68n, 68 A ParaleyticWoman 93-4, 94 The Piper 92, 93 Pity the Sorrows of a Poor Old Man 92-3, 93 Portrait of a Carabinier 289П38 Portraits of the Insane 56-7, 101-2 Public Hanging in London 94-5, 95 Raft of the "Medusa" xi, 52, 55, 57, 58, 61, 69, 76-83, 77, 80, 85, 86n, 92, 97, 99,109, 112-13, 117-18 Scene of a Deluge 97, 97 Scenes from the Massacre at Scio 36,78 Start of the Race of the Barberi Horses (1816), oil 70 Start of the Race of the Barberi Horses (1817), ink 71, 88 Start of the Race of the Barberi Horses (1817), oil 54,72 Study of Artist's Left Hand 102,104 Study of Severed Limbs 69, 69 Study of Two Severed Heads 69,69 Wounded Cuirassier 53 322 I N D E X German Romanticism 153 Giorgione 304П3, 309П50 The Three Philosophers 309П50 Giotto 203, 205, 222 frescoes in the Arena Chapel, Padua 5,195, 206, 222, 307П20 Fry on 195-7,198, 203, 205, 206, 222, 3iin20 Christ Appearing to Mary Magdalen 195, 221, 222 Meeting of Joachim and Anna at the Gate of Jerusalem 195, /97 Navicella 195,196 God, proof of a 120, 258 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 203 "The Sorcerer's Apprentice" 312-13П21 Gordon, Douglas 7, 257, 259 background 225-6 Feature Film 227-8, 231, 234 k. 364: A Journey by Train 6, 224, 228-9, 232~3, 238-9, 241-5, 248-9 antitheatricality in 226-33 the artist's voice in 248-9 close-ups, faces, expressiveness in 240-46 Holocaust memories in 246-8 presentness in 234-40, 259 Play Dead; Real Time 263-5 Zidane:A 21st Century Portrait (with Philippe Parreno) 226 Gould, Glenn 311П14 Goya, Francisco 220 great art, according to Fry 214 Greenberg, Clement 5, 209, 270-72П13, 307П21, 308П40 Greuze, Jean-Baptiste 6, 7,154,166, 209, 213, 309П46 Grieg, Edvard, "Holberg Suite" 237 Groom, Gloria 183, 302П54 Gros, Antoine-Jean 29,64, 84 BonaparteVisiting the Plague-Stricken at Jaffa 61, 62 Napoleon Visiting the Battlefield of Eylau the Morning after the Battle 61,62 Grossman, Allen, "The Passion of Laocoön" 99П Guérin, Pierre-Narcisse 53, 64 Return of Marcus Sextus 82-3, 85 Guizot, François 14, 286П22 Gursky, Andreas 6, 254 Hamnett, Nina 307027 Hazlitt,William 305Ш0 Heidegger, Martin, The Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics 88-9 Henrich, Dieter 293П6 Henry, Michel 288П35 "hero-objects" 260/62 Herrmann, Bernard 227 high modernist aesthetic 6, 258 High Renaissance painting from a Diderotian point of view 206 Fry on 206-8, 219 Hitchcock, Alfred, Vertigo 227 Höfer, Candida 255 Hoffmann, E.T. A. 262 Hofmann, Werner 141 Hölderlin, Friedrich 64 "Hälfte des Lebens" 101 Holocaust 225, 237, 240, 246-8 Homer, lliad 32 homosociality 300П40 Honour, Hugh 11 horses Géricault's preoccupation with 53, 54-5, 56, 58, 65, 70-73, 86-8, 89-92, 99-100 replacement of humans by 89-92, 101 Huysmans, Joris-Karl 151, 159,160, 297Ш3, 305MO idealism, idealist in Caillebotte 185 in Impressionism 166 Impressionism Cézanne and 210 idealism in 166 instantaneousness in 157 materialism and 166, 185 realism in 29-30,165,188-9 as self-consciously aesthetic 299П32 tension with absorption 167 Impressionist exhibitions 151, 152,153, 160,166, 301-2П49 Impressionists brushwork 32 "core" 4,152,164 motifs 152-3,157,178 ocular realism of 164, 165,188, 189 significance of Manet for 29-30/32, 298П25 indeterminacy, reaction against 256-7 indexicality 255 Ingres, Jean-Auguste-Dominique 60 I N D E X З 2 3 instantaneousness 25, 157, 209, 258 intention, intentionality causality transformed into 259, 260 in David 17-18, 50, 219 Demand's photographs as allegories of 254-5, 256, 311MI divine 258 in Géricault 76-9 Kant on 6 new emphasis on 256-7 of the painter-beholder 81 sculpture compared with painting 255-6 structure of 12, 220 intertextuality, in Caillebotte 180 inwardness 14, 16, 36, 85, 132,167, 180 see also absorption, absorptive Isabey, Jean-Baptiste 50 Italian art, Fry on 219 Jacobi, F. H. 119 Jacobins 35-6, 48 Jamar, Louis-Alexis 290П42 Japanese calligraphy 205, 220 Japanese woodcarvers 256 Jesuits 105 Johnson, Dorothy 18, 26,32,280П31 Journal des femmes 292П57 Judd, Donald 257 Kant, Immanuel Critique of Judgment 6, 294П21 Critique of Pure Reason 119 Opus postumum 294П21 "What does it mean to orient oneself in thinking?" 119-20,136,146, 294Ш1 Kearsarge and Alabama (1864) 30 Kehlmann, Daniel 266 Kératry, A. de 26 Kleist, Heinrich von 64 Koch, Joseph Anton, The Schmadribach Waterfall 145, 147 Koerner, Joseph 111, 282П9, 294П20 Lacan, Jacques 277Ш3 Lajer-Burcharth, Ewa 46, 48, 283Ш2, 283П21 Lampe, Issa 26, 27-8 Landon, C. P. 79, 276ШО landscape painting, in France 30/32 Laocoön and His Sons 99П, 99 laughter, Baudelaire on 262-3 Lawrence, Sir Thomas 29ОП44 Lebensztejn, Jean-Claude 33 Legros, Alphonse 166, 297Ш7 Ex-Voto 176 Le Souper 179, 180 Lehoux, Pierre-François 290П42 Lemaître, Frederick 291П47 Leonardo da Vinci 178, 207 Leopardi, Giacomo 64 Lermontov, Mikhail 64 Leroy, Ernest 29ОП42 Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim 119 Levitán, Avri see Gordon, Douglas: k.364 Literalism 6, 257, 258 literariness 104-5 "lived" perspective, Merleau-Ponty 180, 302П53 Locke, John 136 Lombard, Lambert 281П42 loop structure, in film 264-5 Louis, Morris 257 Louis XVI, King 18 Luke, Ben 244 MacMahon, Marshal 171 Macready, William Charles 291П47 Madonna and Child, sculpture, Burgundy 217-18, 218 Maine de Biran 85 male/female differentiation, in David 33-4, 88 Manet, Edouard antitheatricality in 7, 154 as the chef de file of the Impressionists 298П25 compared with Géricault 86n execution of paintings 29-30, 210 facingness in 25, 32,178, 298П25 Fry on 210 links with David 28, 63 radical questioning of the Diderotian enterprise 4, 24-5, 29, 30, 60, 158-9, 162, 165, 169-70, 205, 219 realism in 29-30 seascapes 30 self-portraits 42 significance of 29-30/32, 36,159, 298П25 "silence" of paintings 303П61 simplification in 29-30 324 I N D E X [Manet, Edouard continued] strikingness in 25 The Balcony 158,15p Bar at the Folies-Bergère 304П65 Dead Christ with Angels 287П33 Déjeuner sur l'herbe 3, 21, 22, 38 G a r e S t . - L a z a r e 1 7 0 , i j o The Luncheon in the Studio 179,180 The Old Musician 3, 21, 22, 25 Olympia 3, 21, 23, 28-9, 30,182, 280П31 The Rue de Mosnier with Flags 30ОП36 Self-Portrait with a Palette 191-2, zpz The Surprised Nymph 25 Mantion, Jean-Rémy 282П8 Marat, Jean-Paul 47-8,48-50 see also David, Jacques-Louis: Marat at Flis Last Breath Marcus, Sharon 301П48 Marioni, Joseph 257 Marlet, Auguste 113,116,154,156,189 martyr, cult of the 49 Masaccio 206 materialism, materialist in Caillebotte 164, 181-2,184,188,193 Impressionism 166,185 materialist world view 258 Matisse, Henri 4, 29, 205 Fry on 210, 216, 307П20, 307П27 Matthew Marks Gallery, New York 264 Mauron, Charles 208 Mauron, Marie 208 McCarthy, Tom, Remainder 312m 1 melodrama 105,199, 209 Melville, Stephen 156 Mendelssohn, Moses 119 Menzel, Adolph 281П43, 296Ш2 Balcony Room 125,123 Crown Prince Frederick Pays a Visit to the Painter Pesne on His Scaffold at Rheinsberg 141,142 merging, in Courbet 24, 60, 79/81,116-17,118,154, 189 Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 164,180 Meurent, Victorine 170 Michaels,Walter Benn 257, 272-4П14, 312ml Michel, Régis 65, 83,101 "Le Nom de Géricault" 84 Michelangelo drawing praised 291П47 Fry on 207-8, 213 influence on Géricault 53, 65-6, 99 Jeremiah 206, 207, 213 Last Judgment 99 Michelet, Jules 65 Miel, E.-F. 28 Miller, Perry 258 Millet, Jean-François 23-4, 60, 154,166 The Gleaners 24 Minimalism 6, 257, 258 mirror-reversal 41-3, 50-51, 188-93 mise-en-scène 16, 18, 25, 64-5,166 model-making 251-2, 259 modernism 6,152, 240, 256, 257-8 Molière, Tartuffe 105 moment, fleetingness of the 231, 262, 264-5 Monet, Claude beachscapes 30 as a "core" Impressionist 4,152,164 giving up of figure painting for landscapes 167 Greenberg on 308П40 landscapes 32 realism in 178/180 Le Déjeuner 30, 31, 180 La Grenouillère 163-4, r^3 Impression, soleil levant 299П27 study for Déjeuner sur l'herbe 30, 31 Women in the Garden 30, 31, 167 monomaniacs, Géricault's series of 57,101-2 Monteverdi, Claudio 235 Montfort, Antoine 57, 73, 81, 278Ш4, 290П42 Monthly Review 198 Moondoc, Jemeel 234 Moreau, Gustave 306Ш4 Morris, Robert 257 Morris, William 215 motion directed 235, 236-7 stop-motion technology 251, 259, 265 movement, replication of in Demand 252, 259, 260 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 247 "Sinfonia Concertante in E Flat Major" 225, 228-9, 234, 236, 237, 243, 244, 245 music existence of 228-9 presentness in 234-6, 244-5 problems with theatricality in 227 qualities of 228-30 Mustapha, Géricault's servant 290П42 I N D E X 3 2 5 Napoleon 18, 9911 Napoleonic painting 18, 34-5, 61/63, 84 Napoleonic regime 18, 35, 106-9, 171 National Convention 48, 49, 50 nature, observation of 196-7 Neoclassicism 65 Neoimpressionism 152 Noland, Kenneth 257, 258 objet d'art, as precious 216 ocular realism, of the Impressionists 164,165,188, 189 Olitski, Jules 257, 258 orientation (left/right) in Friedrich 120-25,126-42,143-5,146,147-9 Kant on 119-20 in Menzel 125 Ostrów, Saul 272Ш3 oubli de soi 176, 210 Pacific Sun (cruise ship) 251, 258-9, 259-60 see also Thomas Demand: Pacific Sun paint handling 29-30, 125, 152 painter-beholder relationship in Caillebotte 156-8, i;8 in Courbet 60, 113/115, 154/156 for Diderot 204-5 for Fry 205 intentionality of the 81 paintings as made to be be held 169 painting the artist into the painting 60, 79/81, 116-17, 118 pairs, pairing Friedrich's pairing motif 111, 132-6 male/female in Poussin and Géricault 89-90 palette-hand see brush-hand, palette-hand palettes, symbolism of 47-8 parallelism, in Géricault 70-71, 71-2 Pardo, Mary 302П50 Parreno, Philippe (and Douglas Gordon), Zidane: A 21st Century Portrait 226 "pastoral" conception of painting 274Ш, 303П61, 3o6ni8 Pavarotti, Luciano 272Ш3 persons, absence of in Demand 260 perspective in Caillebotte 156, 161-2, 163, 164, 180 in David 8/10-11 "lived" perspective 180, 302П53 in Uccello 211 photographic effect in paintings 20-21, 180 photography Demand's use of 253-5, 256 259, 260 tableau-scale art 257 Why Photography Matters (Fried) 6, 226, 253, 254, 256,257 physicality, in Géricault 67, 71, 84, 86-7 Picasso, Pablo 205 pictorial unity, conception of 208-9 picture surface Caillebotte's handling of 169, 188 effect of chiaroscuro on 209 Manet's handling of 210 Pippin, Robert 311-12Ш i Pissarro, Camille 164, 303П64 political caricature 106 political resonance in Caillebotte 170-75,185-6 in David 17-18 in Géricault 92-4 of the "Medusa"incident 55 politics, extreme 35-6 poor in world, loss of world, Heidegger on 88-9 Post-Impressionism 201, 205 post-Kantian philosophers 118 Post-Modernism 6, 257 Poussin, Nicolas 78, 89-90, 206, 220 Baptism 305Ш2 The Israelites Gathering Manna 310П52 Testament of Eudamidas 11, 12, 65, 83, 93 presentness 234-40, 257-8, 259, 265 profile, privileging of 65 Promayet, Alphonse 113 psychology, of the artist 153,199, 210-11, 223 public acclaim, Bernini's desire for 200, 201 Racine, Jean, Iphigenie en Aulide 32 radicalize, radicalization 6, 210, 214 Raffaëlli, Jean-François 297Ш3 Raphael 53, 220, 291П47 Fry on 201-3, 204, 205, 207, 208 Galatea 3ЮП51 The Transfiguration 201-3, 202 204з 205; 208 Ray, Charles 257 Hinoki 256 Untitled (Tractor) 256 326 I N D E X realism ín Caillebotte 156,164,165,166,167,178/80,185, 189,192 Duranty's advocacy of 176 in Géricault 69, 95 Impressionists and 29-30,165,188-9 in Manet 29-30 in Monet 178/180 in prose fiction 105,106-9 in Rembrandt 211-12 Realism, Courbet's see Courbet, Gustave reflections, reflective glisten or dazzle 151,163-4, 178,180-82, 193, 298П20 religiosity, in El Greco 199 religious symbolism, in Friedrich 129,130-31, 149 Rembrandt van Rijn Fry on 198, 210, 211-12, 213, 214, 216 Bathsheba 213, 304-9П3 [David Harping before Saul\ 213 A Schoolboy at His Desk (Titus at His Desk) 5, 211-12, 211, 212-13, 213, 214 Renoir, Auguste, Ball at the Moulin de la Galette 189 Republicanism, in France 171 Reynolds, Sir Joshua 305ШО Self-Portrait 282П9 Ribot,Théodule 176 Richter, Adrien Ludwig, TheWatzmann 145,147 Rilke, Rainer Maria, "The Ninth Elegy" 251, 265 Rivière, Georges 301П43 Robespierre, Maximilien de 48, 49, 50 Romanticism 153 romanticism, of Géricault 4,64, 84-5,112 Roos, Jane Mayo 299-30ОП36 Rosen, Charles, The Classical Style 244 Rosenfeld, Ruth 225, 227 Rousseau,Théodore 30 Lettre à M. D'Alembert sur les spectacles 36, 277Ш3, 291П57 Roussel, Ker-Xavier 304П67 Rubens, Peter Paul 291П47 Little Last Judgment 99 Rubin, James H. 303П61 Rückenfigur in Friedrich in, 118,120-28,134-6,139,148 see also figure seen from the rear Ruff,Thomas 6, 253-4,259 Sagraves, Julia 299П34 "The Street" 171-2, 174-5.175. 176,177. 178, 182 Said, Edward 247 Saint-Fargeau, Louis-Michel le Peletier, marquis de 49-50 Saint-Just, Louis Antoine de 48 Sala, Anri 225, 257, 259 After Three Minutes 259 Long Sorrow 234, 259 Mixed Behaviour 259 Salons, Paris 13, 21, 28, 53, 55. 5§, 65, 73. 79 Sappho 19 Savignac, Alida de 292П57 Scaramuccia, Luigi 28ОП29 Schleiermacher, Friedrich 295П22 Schnapper, Antoine 279П22, 282ШО sculpture, "Why Sculpture is Tiresome" (Baudelaire) 255-6 sea voyages, as transgressive of natural boundaries 267/9 self-portrait, right-angle, mirror-reversed 41-3. 50-51,188-93 self-portraits by Caillebotte 42,188-93 by Caravaggio 42 by Carracci 41,42 by Courbet 113,154, 188, 189 by David 41,43/45-8, 50-51,188 by Dürer 282П9 by Fantin-Latour 188,189, 191 by Manet 191-2 by Reynolds 282П9 sentimental art, Fry on 199, 200, 221 Seurat, Georges 30,152,186, 214 Young Woman Powdering Herself 2x4, 21 g sexuality in Caillebotte 182-5 in David 26 in Géricault 65, 68, 84 Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of 305ШО Shakespeare, William, King Lear 235-6 Shiff, Richard 298П26, 298-9П27 Shiloah, Roi see Gordon, Douglas: k.364 Sickert, Walter 210, 215 Siegfried, Susan 21, 279П22 signatures, Courbet's and Caillebotte's compared 164-5,165 I N D E X З 2 7 silence in music 228, 231-2 of still lifes 185 Silvestre, Armand 298-9П27 simplification, in Manet 29-30 Sisley, Alfred 164 "slapstick" 255, 258 Smith, David 257, 258 Smith,Tony 257 social identification of Caillebotte 171 of Géricault 92-4,101-2, 106 soundtracks for Feature Film (Gordon) 227-8 for Long Sorrow (Sala) 234 for Pacific Sun (Demand) 253, 261, 266-7 see also Gordon, Douglas: k.364 spatial relations 32,164,180, 204, 294Ш4, 302П53 spectacles, Lettre à M. D'Alembert sur les spectacles (Rousseau) 36, 277Ш3, 292П57 Spinoza controversy 119 spirituality in Friedrich 141 in Rembrandt 211, 212, 213 Stein, Gertrude 312м 5 "Pictures" 309П41 "Plays" зюпб Stella, Frank 257 Stendhal 14 Le Rouge et le noir 289П57 still lifes by Caillebotte 185-6 by Cézanne /94, 220-21 stop-motion technology 251, 259, 265 strikingness 25, 60, 297Ш7 Struth, Thomas 6, 254 subjectivity in Friedrich 125, 131,136 in Géricault 72, 89, 101 Kant on 119,120,122 tableau in art photography 257 in David 8/10-11 Diderot's concept of 36, 59, 222 as a dramaturgical and theoretical instrument 204, 214 Géricault's failure to paint 57, 70-72 lateral coherence of 21, 77 in Poussin 12 as theatrical by nature 64 Talma, François-Joseph 286П22 temporality 14,157, 173,182,188, 257-9 see also instantaneousness Thaïes of Miletus 269 theater as the antithesis of drama 204-5 in High Renaissance painting 206 painting as 37 worldhood as 85 theatricality, theatrical acceptance of 61 in Caillebotte 192 concept of 8 Courbet's issues with 154 critiqued by Diderot 61 in David 14,16,19-21, 36, 61, 63 in Del Sarto 206-7 in Delacroix 59-60 Géricault's issues with 68 in Gros 61 Huysmans's dislike of 297Ш3 in Minimalist/Literalist art 257 necessity of in the early 1790s 17-18 problems with in music 227 in prose fiction 105,106-9 in Raphael 203 Tintoretto, il (Jacopo Robusti) 222 Tolstoy, Leo, What is Art? 201, 213 transparence David's "transparent" ideal 36 in Friedrich 125 Turner, J. M. W. 220 Ucello, Paolo 211 Ugolino, in Dante's Inferno 287П29 umbrellas, significance of 175, 176-7 unconscious, almost unconscious 209-11, 215-16 unity, pictorial, conception of 208-9 uprightness in Friedrich 126,129, 131, 134,136, 139, 141, 147-8 see also centered, centering Van Gogh, Vincent 187, 205, 214, 308П40 Van Guffel, M. 32 328 I N D E X Van Loo, Carle 7 Varnedoe,Kirk 151, 153, 168, 180, 183, 296ml, 297Ш6, 301П45, 302П51, 302П62 Vemet, Carle 53, 290П41 Vernet, Claude-Joseph 269П The Shipwreck 269П, 26g Vernet, Horace (son of Carle) 55, 56, 286П20 Vernet, Joseph 7 Veronese,Paolo 291П47 Vien, Joseph-Marie 7, 109 virility, in Géricault 84 Walker, James Faure 307П21 Wall, Jeff 6, 257 Wey, Francis 116 Whistler, James McNeill 42, 188 Vauxhall Bridge 299П30 Whitney, Wheelock 73 Géricault in Italy 57-8 Wittgenstein, Ludwig viii, 240-42 Culture and Value 245-6 and expression, expressiveness 245-6 and faces 245-6 Wolfe, Edward 307П27 Wölfflin, Heinrich, The Art of the Italian Renaissance 206, 306Ш4 world-poverty, Heidegger on 88-9 world view, materialist 258 world, worldhood in Balzac 105-6, 106-9 in David 27-8, 39, 85 in Géricault 85-6, 88-102 Heidegger on 88-9 necessity of for Diderotian aims 105 Youssapoff, Count 19 YouTube 251 Zidane, Zinedine 226-7, 23° |
